According to a number of studies, patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have an increased risk of adverse course and death from COVID-19. The deficiency in the daily consumption of micronutrients, especially potassium and magnesium, is considered to be a non-infectious "epidemic" of the 21st century. The paper presents the results of studies indicating an increased risk of developing CVD (arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, arrhythmias) and mortality from them in the presence of a deficiency in the consumption of potassium and magnesium, as well as their reduced content in the body. It provides an overview of published data on the importance of maintaining normal levels of potassium and magnesium in the body to reduce CVD risk and mortality.
Progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a process of steady development of arrhythmia from short paroxysms to the permanent form. Arterial hypertension (AH) is the most common cause of AF. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of possible predictors of AF progression in hypertensive patients. The role of general risk factors in the maintenance of arrhythmia, the significance of high blood pressure and its individual characteristics in the progression of AF are analyzed. Echocardiographic predictors of arrhythmia recurrence and the transition of AF to a permanent form in hypertension are described. Various existing scales for assessing the risk of AF progression are presented. The ways of secondary prevention of arrhythmia in AH are considered.
Обзор современных публикаций свидетельствует, что у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) повышен риск тяжелого течения и смертельного исхода COVID-19. К основным патогенетическим механизмам, объясняющим ассоциацию АГ с COVID-19, относят влияние коронавируса на работу ренин-ангиотензин-альдостероновой системы (РААС), которая участвует в развитии и прогрессировании АГ. В обзоре представлены результаты ряда исследований с оценкой влияния применения иАПФ/БРА у пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями на развитие и течение COVID-19. Результаты международного анализа данных показали, что использование иАПФ/БРА у пациентов с АГ и COVID-19 ассоциированы с меньшими показателями общей смертности, а использование иАПФ, статинов и женский пол связаны с большей вероятностью выживания пациентов. Представлены данные по перспективным разработкам новых лекарственных средств, влияющих на работу РААС.
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