The article deals with issues related to the mechanism of solidification of oils. The authors present the results of a dielectric investigation of structural-phase transitions in oils from the fields of Tyumen region in the temperature range -110 ÷ +20 °С. The dielectric relaxation of oils has been established, the values of the activation energy and dielectric relaxation time have been calculated. The phase transition determined by dielectric relaxation is interpreted as a transition from the glassy state to the associated state. The glass transition of oils, accompanied by the cessation of internal rotation in hydrocarbon molecules, is a sign of their true (or viscous) solidification. The glass transition temperature and the temperature region of the structural solidification of oils were determined. The glass transition temperature is considered to be the true pour point. The relationships between the physicochemical characteristics of oils and the parameters characterizing their dielectric properties were established, which were studied by the methods of correlation and regression analysis. The obtained regression equations can be used to predict the physico-chemical characteristics of oils in the technological processes of their extraction, field preparation and transportation.
One of the serious troubles faced by the oil and gas industry is corrosion wear of equipment and pipelines. The major part of failures of the oilfield equipment and pipelines is the result of corrosion damage, so protection of equipment from corrosion is one of the most urgent scientific and technical issues. One of the most common ways to control corrosion is inhibitor protection. The paper presents the results of studies of corrosion inhibitors synthesized on the basis of polyethylene polyamines and three varieties of light tall oil in the presence of alcohol solvents using the stillage residue of butyl alcohols rectification. The optimal parameters of synthesis and the ratio of basic raw reactants and solvents have been determined. The inhibitory properties of the synthesized samples were evaluated by changes in the rate of corrosion and the value of their protective efficiency. It has been shown that the best of the synthesized samples is not inferior to the industrial reactant Sonkor 9601 in terms of the protective effectiveness, and in the area of low concentrations (up to 40 g/t) exceeds the basic inhibitor.
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