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Raltegravir was the first HIV-1 integrase inhibitor that gained FDA approval for use in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Because of the emergence of IN inhibitor-resistant viral strains, there is a need to identify innovative second-generation IN inhibitors. Previously, we identified 2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone (rhodanine)-containing compounds as IN inhibitors. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and docking studies of a series of novel rhodanine derivatives as IN inhibitors. All these compounds were further tested against human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) to determine their selectivity. Two compounds showed significant cytotoxicity in a panel of human cancer cell lines. Taken together, our results show that rhodanines are a promising class of compounds for developing drugs with antiviral and anticancer properties.

A convenient method was developed for the synthesis of N-substituted rhodanines based on the reaction of amines, hydrazides, or acid thiohydrazides with trithiocarbonyl diglycolic acid in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or 1,1¢-carbonyldiimidazole.

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Natural cytokinines are a promising group of cytoprotective and anti-tumor agents. In this research, we synthesized a set of aryl carbamate, pyridyl urea, and aryl urea cytokinine analogs with alkyl and chlorine substitutions and tested their antiproliferative activity in MDA-MB-231, A-375, and U-87 MG cell lines, and cytoprotective properties in H2O2 and CoCl2 models. Aryl carbamates with the oxamate moiety were selectively anti-proliferative for the cancer cell lines tested, while the aryl ureas were inactive. In the cytoprotection studies, the same aryl carbamates were able to counteract the CoCl2 cytotoxicity by 3–8%. The possible molecular targets of the aryl carbamates during the anti-proliferative action were the adenosine A2 receptor and CDK2. The obtained results are promising for the development of novel anti-cancer therapeutics.

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A number of substituted 2,2‐dimethyl‐6‐arylidene‐1‐triazol‐1‐ylmethylcyclohexanols and 2,2‐dimethyl‐6‐arylidene‐1‐imidazol‐1‐ylmethylcyclohexanols were prepared from 2‐methylcyclohexanone in four steps: Claisen–Schmidt condensation with substituted benzaldehydes, methylation of the resulting 2‐methyl‐6‐benzylidenecyclohexanones, conversion to the oxiranes by interaction with dimethylsulfonium methylide and reaction of the oxiranes with triazole or imidazole. The compounds obtained were tested for antifungal activity against five phytopathogenic fungi of different taxonomic classes. EC50 values were determined for all compounds. Structure–activity relationships are discussed in broad terms. Some of triazolymethyl‐substituted cyclohexanols obtained are more active than triadimenol. © 1997 SCI.