ObjectivesType 2 diabetes exerts a significant impact on the patient’s quality of life. Its chronic nature, incurability and complications weaken the motivation of patients to fight the disease and its acceptance. The aim of research was to determine whether and to what extent diabetes modulates the quality of life of patients and in particular which domain of the patient’s life is most limited. In addition, we looked at whether the quality of life perceived by patients is determined by gender and whether and to what extent they accept their illness.Material and methodsA study on 100 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Wielkopolska region in Poland was carried out at the end of 2013/beginning of 2014 using a diagnostic survey, and the research techniques were a standardized questionnaire – ADDQoL19 (Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life 19) and the AIS questionnaire (Acceptance of Illness Scale) developed by Felton and modified by Juczyński.ResultsThe results suggest that the quality of life of the patients was “neither good nor bad”, whereby women perceive it as being lower than men. While analysing the impact of diabetes on the different domains of the lives of men and women, it should be stressed that most affected were diet, satisfying appetite, independence, financial position, feelings about the future, sex life, and freedom in the consumption of drinks. More than half of men and women did not accept their illness; however, younger persons unlike older accepted diabetes to a much greater degree.ConclusionsType 2 diabetes negatively affects the quality of life of patients and its impact is felt more by women. In both sexes, the most affected domain of quality of life is the lack of nutritional freedom. The acceptance of illness is dependent upon age.
The aim of the present study was to compare selected markers of oxidative stress and the antioxidant system between groups of men aged 65 or more, differentiated by their level of physical activity. Thirty-one community-dwelling healthy, elderly men (mean age 73.4 +/- 6.1 years) with a good nutritional status participated in the study. The Caltrac accelerometer was used to estimate energy expenditure related to physical activity. Subjects were divided into two groups according to the criteria proposed by Bauman: less active (< 1600 kcal/week) and more active (> 1600 kcal/week). In all the men, plasma total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were determined. The reduced glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in hemolyzed red blood cells were also measured. There were no significant differences in TAS, H2O2 concentrations and the activity of GPx between less and more active men. In the group of more active subjects, plasma levels of GSH were higher, while TBARS concentrations were lower compared with the group of less active men (p < 0.05). Negative correlation between GSH and TBARS levels was observed (r = -0.71; p < 0.01), and GSH concentrations positively correlated with level of physical activity (r = 0.63; p < 0.05). The results indicate that habitual physical activity can favorably affect antioxidant potential and prevent lipid peroxidation in healthy, elderly men.
The results suggest that a 3-week endurance training period during rehabilitation after myocardial infarction reduces insulin resistance in patients with hyperinsulinemia.
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