In a Markov-based decision model of pediatric appendicitis, the most cost-effective method of imaging pediatric appendicitis was to start with a US study and follow each negative US study with a CT examination.

Children at high risk on the basis of these criteria usually require neuroimaging, while children at low risk may be safely followed up clinically without neuroimaging.

Functional MR imaging results influenced diagnostic and therapeutic decision making of the seizure team; results indicated language dominance changed, confidence level in identification of critical brain function areas increased, patient and family counseling were altered, and intraoperative mapping and surgical approach were altered.

fMRI can define language cortex but its limitations are not yet fully understood. This article describes a child in whom fMRI falsely lateralized language cortex when performed after a cluster of left temporal lobe seizures. Multiple language tasks revealed no activation over the left temporal lobe despite a normal neurologic exam at the time of the study. A second fMRI performed 2 weeks later activated sites predominantly over the left, which were confirmed by extra-operative functional language mapping. fMRI may be unhelpful after frequent seizures.