HPV decontamination was efficacious in eradicating C. difficile from contaminated surfaces. Further studies of the impact of HPV decontamination on nosocomial transmission of C. difficile are warranted.
The Oxoid AnaeroGen system was compared with the BBL GasPak for the production of an anaerobic atmosphere and was evaluated for its ability to support the growth of 135 clinically significant anaerobic bacteria. An anaerobe chamber was used as the ''gold standard'' for supporting the growth of anaerobes. The AnaeroGen requires no catalyst, produces no hydrogen, requires no water, and reduces preparation time to a minimum. The water-activated BBL GasPak generates hydrogen. For 132 of the 135 strains tested, better initial growth at 48 h was noted for the jar methods than for the anaerobe chamber. At 72 h, 113 of the 135 strains showed equal growth, and at 7 days, only marginal differences in growth patterns were noted. The AnaeroGen never failed to reduce the anaerobic indicator, while the BBL GasPak occasionally failed to do so. The AnaeroGen performed at least as well as, and sometimes better than, the established methods. The AnaeroGen is a good alternative for use in anaerobic jars.
Identification of anaerobic bacteria requires special media and growth conditions that contribute to a higher cost per identification than that for aerobic isolates. Newer rapid methods streamline the identification process, but confirmation to the species level is often difficult. The Presumpto Plate method for the identification of commonly encountered anaerobes consists of three quadrant plates, each containing four conventional media, that result in the generation of 21 test parameters: growth on Lombard-Dowell medium; production of indole, indole derivative, catalase, lecithinase, and lipase; proteolysis of milk, H 2 S, and esculin; growth on 20% bile; precipitate on bile; DNase, glucose, casein, starch, and gelatin hydrolysis; and fermentation of lactose, mannitol, and rhamnose. Identification charts were developed by using the results from 2,300 anaerobic isolates. Because conventional media were used, there was a high degree of agreement between the Presumpto Plate method and the reference method when testing commonly encountered anaerobes. The Presumpto Plate method is as accurate as commercially available enzyme systems for the identification of many anaerobic species but is less expensive to perform.In 1975, the Anaerobic Laboratory at the Center for Disease Control (CDC) began work to develop what eventually became three quadrant plates: Presumpto Plates I, II, and III, containing various differential media prepared from Lombard-Dowell (LD) agar (4). These three plates provided 21 tests for identifying anaerobic bacteria. Presumpto Plate I was initially developed to assist in identifying the gram-negative anaerobes Bacteroides and Fusobacterium spp. (3) (see Table 4). Plates II and III provided additional tests for identifying of gram-positive isolates (7,8). LD agar supports the growth of a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria, including fastidious strains (2). Although used for many years at CDC and other sites, the accuracy of the Presumpto Plate method of anaerobic identification has not been reviewed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Presumpto Plate method and provide information that may be helpful in designing an abbreviated and costeffective reference procedure for the identification of commonly encountered anaerobic bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODSOrganisms. More than 2,300 strains of anaerobic bacteria were tested to generate the data shown in the tables.Definitive identification was based on CDC conventional reference procedures (1, 5, 6). The culture and biochemical characteristics of the anaerobic bacteria in this study were derived from the examination of human clinical isolates submitted to CDC for identification or confirmation from federal, state, or city laboratories. Additional data were derived from the examination of isolates from animals and from reference strains obtained from culture collections or individual investigators.Inoculation procedure. All cultures were plated on anaerobic blood agar and checked for purity. Isolated colonies were inoculated into either thiog...
The Oxyrase OxyPlate anaerobe incubation system was evaluated for its ability to support the growth of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria previously identified by the Anaerobe Reference Laboratory at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The results were compared with those obtained with conventional anaerobe blood agar plates incubated in an anaerobe chamber. We tested 251 anaerobic bacterial strains. Plates were read at 24, 48, and 72 h; growth was scored by a numerical coding system that combines the degree of growth and the colony size. Organisms (number of strains tested) used in this study were Actinomyces (32),Anaerobiospirillum (8), Bacteroides(39), Campylobacter (8), Clostridium (96),Fusobacterium (12), Leptotrichia (8),Mobiluncus (8), Peptostreptococcus(16), and Propionibacterium (24). At 24 h, 101 (40.2%) of the 251 strains tested showed better growth with the anaerobe chamber than with the OxyPlate system, 10 (4.1%) showed better growth with the OxyPlate system, and the remaining 140 (55.8%) showed equal growth with both systems. At 48 h, 173 (68.9%) showed equal growth with both systems, while 78 (31.1%) showed better growth with the anaerobe chamber. At 72 h, 176 (70.1%) showed equal growth with both systems, while 75 (29.9%) showed better growth with the anaerobe chamber. The OxyPlate system performed well for the most commonly isolated anaerobes but was inadequate for some strains. These results indicate that the Oxyrase OxyPlate system was effective in creating an anaerobic atmosphere and supporting the growth of anaerobic bacteria within 72 h. OxyPlates would be a useful addition to the clinical microbiology laboratory lacking resources for traditional anaerobic culturing techniques.
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