Many factors have been proposed to contribute to the risk of recurrent TSGCT (Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumours); however, we remain unable to predict those at risk which formed the rationale for this multicentre retrospective case control study of 28 patients with recurrence. We age and sex matched cases of recurrence 1:1 with controls over 10 years. Using Cox regression, we present hazard ratios (HR) for recurrence with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Out of 285 cases, 28 individuals developed recurrence after a median 2.4 years. Recurrent TSGCT had a higher mitotic count/mm2 in the primary tumour (median increase of 3 [IQR 1, 7]). Mitotic count in the primary tumour was associated with the risk of recurrence (adjusted HR 1.1 [95% CI 1.1, 1.2], p=0.001) meaning that for every additional mitosis, the risk of recurrence increased by 10% per annum. Mitotic rate of the primary tumour is associated with the risk of recurrence although we recommend a prospective cohort study to validate our findings.
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