The present study aimed to assess the high-yielding sunflower hybrids responding to various fertilizer levels. The experiment was conducted . with treatments that includes five genotypes in factor A (H1: COH 3, H2: DRSH-1, H3: KBSH-74, H4: KBSH-44, and H5: CO 2) and three fertilizer levels in factor B (F1: 50 percent RDF, F2: 100 percent RDF and F3: 150 percent RDF) in a three replications factorial randomized block design The study revealed that plant height and days to maturity of sunflower showed significant differences among the hybrids and different levels of fertilizer. Days to 50 per cent flowering significantly differed among the hybrids and not by the NPK level. The newly developed sunflower hybrid COH 3 recorded a higher yield (2194 kg ha-1) with high oil content (39.8 percent) and oil yield of 875 kg ha-1. Hybrid COH 3 registered a higher gross return of Rs. 70,208/- per ha with a net return of Rs.28,202/- and a cost-benefit ratio of 1.60. Among fertilizer levels, the 150 percent RDF recorded the highest yield, which was on par with the 100 per cent RDF. In monetary terms, rupee return per rupee investment was greater than 100 percent. As a result, in the Tamil Nadu region, sunflower hybrid COH 3 cultivation with 100% fertilizer, i.e., 60:90:60 kg NPK ha-1, was shown to be economical with better oil yields.
Twenty-nine sunflower genotypes were evaluated for genetic variability and association of various morphological traits with seed yield. The genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Eight biometrical traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), head diameter (cm), volume weight (g/100 mL), 100-seed weight (g), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g) were recorded. The phenotypic and genotypic variation washigh for seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, indicating that selection will be effective for improving these characters. Traits with high heritability and high genetic advance were highly amenable to selection which was observed for days to 50% flowering and plant height. The trait days to maturity weregoverned by non additive gene action as it showed low genetic advance. Correlation coefficients measure the degree of relationship between two or more variables. The key trait seed yield per plant had positive significant correlation with plant height (0.61), head diameter (0.83) and 100-seed weight (0.73). Path analysis revealed that 100-seed weight (0.62), days to maturity (0.34) and head diameter (0.30) had high positive direct effect on seed yield. Head diameter had the highest positive indirect effect on seed yield per plant through 100-seed weight (0.45)
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