Interactions with pollinators are thought to play a significant role in determining whether plant species become invasive, and ecologically generalised species are predicted to be more likely to invade than more specialised species. Using published and unpublished data we assessed the floral biology and pollination ecology of the South American native Nicotiana glauca (Solanaceae) which has become a significant invasive of semi-arid parts of the world. In regions where specialised bird pollinators are available, for example hummingbirds in California and sunbirds in South Africa and Israel, N. glauca interacts with these local pollinators and sets seed by both out-crossing and selfing. In areas where there are no such birds, such as the Canary Islands and Greece, abundant viable seed is set by selfing, facilitated by the shorter stigma-anther distance compared to plants in native populations. Surprisingly, in these areas without pollinating birds, the considerable nectar resources are only rarely exploited by other flower visitors such as bees or butterflies, either legitimately or by nectar robbing. We conclude that Nicotiana glauca is a successful invasive species outside of its native range, despite its functionally specialised hummingbird pollination system, because it has evolved to become more frequently self pollinating in areas where it is introduced. Its invasion success is not predictable from what is known of its interactions with pollinators in its home range.

It is well known that when resolution occurs in the stichic iambics and trochaics of tragedy word-end is not found between the two shorts so produced: w or, more accurately, that the first short of resolution must not be the last syllable of a polysyllabic word. Moreover, the syllables in resolution most often form part of the same word as the following short or anceps, e.g.: Ion 1143:

The aim of this study is to provide a qualitative perspective of young peoples' experiences of long term illness. Three young people were interviewed and participated in making film diaries about their experiences of living with a long term illness. The interview transcripts were then analysed using thematic analysis. Four main themes were identified to represent common shared experiences across participants. These related to coping, the impact of illness on various aspects of life, experiences of healthcare, and transitions from pediatric to adult services. While significant efforts are being made to increase knowledge and understanding of the experiences of long term illness within the child and adolescent population there is still much to be learned, as is evident from this direct account of young peoples' experiences. We identify implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future research in light of listening to the young peoples' stories.

As described by the ancient metricians, catalexis is a matter of arithmetic rather than rhythm. They develop the idea in their usual way, mechanically and mathematically, adding and subtracting elements, so as to produce ‘brachycatalexis’ and ‘hypercatalexis’. These are now mere metrical-glossary terms, but in catalexismodern metricians have seen a genuine relationship between cola and a rhythmic effect more or less comprehensible even to us. Wilamowitz, T.D. Goodell, and A.M. Dale explore the concept to some extent, but current hand books and general treatises give it only perfunctory and superficial treatment, while casual appearances of the term offer the reader glimpses of a theoretical substructure which hasnot been explicitly and coherently explained

Vidimus poetam periodos numerum trium metrorum superantes eisdem locis metrorum vocibus finitis dividere solere, quibus etiam periodorum discrimen fieri posset, et demonstravit Maas dissertatione diligentissima (Philol. 63, 297) colistas Alexandrinos ita versus seiunxisse, ut quam saepissime finis verbi in fine versus esset; quo factum est ut redderent quae vellet poeta subintellegi discrimina. quae divisio versuum non modo magna cum diligentia sed etiam cum consilio et ratione a grammaticis antiquis confecta optime papyris nostris servata est. .. errores pauci facile corriguntur. .. eo autem ratio grammaticorum antiquorum differt a nostra, quod non semper ad numeros syllabarum, sed interdum ad caesuras versus diviserunt; itaque in carm. 1 str. 1 modo post syllabam septimam modo post octavam seiungitur, in carm. 5 versus 13, 35, 115 non eodem modo dividuntur atque versus respondentes,. .. neque habemus cur haec vituperemus. (Bruno Snell, Bacchylidis Carmina cum Fragmentis, Praefatio 31* [= Snell-Maehler, 1992, XXXI]) I. SNELL'S HYPOTHESIS The paragraph of his introduction which Snell devotes to the colometry of the Bacchylides papyri first appeared in 1934, and survives unchanged in the 1970 (repr. 1992) edition revised by Maehler. Much influenced by the article of Maas which he