As the world observes a new pandemic with COVID-19, it is clear that pathogens can spread rapidly and without recognition of borders. Outbreaks will continue to occur, and so the diseases’ transmission method must be thoroughly understood in order to minimize their impact. Some infections, such as influenza, tuberculosis and measles, known to spread through droplets in the air. In a confined space, the concentration can grow as more droplets released. This study examined a simulated confined space modelled as a hospital waiting area, where people who could have underlying conditions congregate and mix with potentially infectious individuals. It further investigated the impact of the volume of the waiting area, the number of people in the room, the placement of them as well as their weight. The simulation is an agent-based model (ABM), a computational model with the purpose of analyzing a system through the actions and cumulative consequences of autonomous agents. The presented ABM features embodied agents with differing body weights that can move, breathe and cough in a ventilated room. An investigation into current epidemiological models lead to the hypothesis that one may implement as a corresponding ABM, where it could possibly, also be improved upon. In this paper, it has shown that, all parameters of the Gammaitoni and Nucci model, been taken into account, in an ABM via the MASON library. In addition, proof produced, suggested that some flaws of the epidemiological model, should be amended in the ABM. It was demonstrated, the constructed model, account for proximity between susceptible people and infectors, an expressed limitation of the original model. KEYWORDS: transmission method, confined space, agent-based model, epidemiological models, Pandemic
The impacts of globalization, international competitions, and local social political demands have induced rapid changes in many countries in different parts of the world since the turn of new millennium. In such an era of fast transformation, education reform inevitably becomes necessary and teachers and their institutions have to face numerous new problems, uncertainties, and challenges rising from their internal and external environments. Information and communication technology (ICT) is an indispensable part of the contemporary world. In fact, culture and society have to be adjusted to meet the challenges of the knowledge age. This study sought to a) discover the specific factors that influence Information and Communications Technology (ICT) use in higher education teaching and learning; b) determine how ICT can be used within higher education in Nigeria; c) develop a framework / model for ICT adoption in higher education in teaching and learning to Cub Pornography in Nigerian; and d) use UNESCO’s continuum model of ICT development and the framework to ground these factors to produce a practical roadmap. The pervasiveness of ICT has brought about rapid technological, social, political, and economic transformation, which has eventuated in a network society organized around ICT. The field of education has not been unaffected by the penetrating influence of information and communication technology. Undoubtedly, ICT has impacted on the quality and quantity of teaching, learning, and research in traditional and distance education institutions. In concrete terms, ICT can enhance teaching and learning through its dynamic, interactive, and engaging content; and it can provide real opportunities for individualized instruction. Information and communication technology has the potential to accelerate, enrich, and deepen skills; motivate and engage students in learning; helps to relate college experiences to work practices; helps to create economic viability for tomorrow’s workers; contributes to radical changes in institution; strengthens teaching, and provides opportunities for connection between the college and the world. Information and communication technology can make the teacher education institutions more efficient and productive, thereby engendering a variety of tools to enhance and facilitate teachers’ professional activities. Keywords: Pornography, Child abuse, Cyber Crime, prevention, mitigation, ICTs
Entrepreneurship is frequently linked together with aspects of economic growth and development. In the last 40 years, an increasing number of incubators and service providers have been created to stimulate entrepreneurship and innovation. However, in the increasingly globalized and digitalized world, few virtual and digital initiatives have successfully been studied to encourage and facilitate entrepreneurship. This study aims to understand further how digital and virtual products and services can aid entrepreneurs in venture creation and potentially add to an updated and broader understanding of the potential in a virtual incubator program. By looking at three categories of entrepreneurial support actors, traditional public incubators, private incubators, and digital service providers. 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain more in-depth knowledge of how they operate. More specifically, this study is conducted with actors that share the vision to assist startup in their initial phase and create a deeper understanding of what the incubator offers to startups and the possibility to adapt and improve their process using digital tools and external partnerships. Results indicate that the use of digital tools is varied. Incubators are leaning towards relying more on social media for reaching potential entrepreneurs and ideas, and further that a factor of validating every aspect of the startup is essential to promote success. The incubator mainly acts as a mediator of network, funding, coaching, and finding talents has during the COVID-19 pandemic moved most of their activities from physical to online. The issue of trust-building is, however, still prominent, and the incubators are looking for ways and tools to improve on this issue. Implications of this study have the potential to lower barriers to entrepreneurship, where entrepreneurial support becomes less dependent on their local ecosystem and geographical factors. Future research is encouraged to classify virtual incubators and a further look at specific cases and pursuit more longitudinal studies to fully understand the potential effects and implications. This study contributes to the field of incubators and entrepreneurial support and the ongoing digital paradigm shift. Keywords: Business Incubator, Virtual Incubator, Entrepreneurial Support, Digital Entrepreneurship, Startup
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