Purpose To assess the range of waveform score in IOP measurements with ocular response analyzer (ORA, Reichert) in healthy subjects. Methods Prospective study including both eyes of healthy subjects with no ocular pathology or previous refractive surgery. The IOP measurements with ORA from both eyes were performed. The inclusion criteria of the measurements were solely based on good waveforms by an experienced clinician. The waveform score of three measurements were included for statistical analysis. Other parameters including age, central corneal thickness (CCT) and axis length were also analysed to evaluate possible correlations. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation. Results To date, both eyes of 42 healthy subjects are included (Mean age: 46.6 ± 14.3 yrs, Axial length: 23.7 ± 1.1, CCT: 554 ± 34 µm). The mean waveform scores from the first IOP measurement were 4.2±2.3 and for the 2de and 3th respectively 4.2±1.9 and 4.2±2.1 (not significantly different). The mean waveform score of 252 signals (both eyes and 3 measurements) was 4.2±2.1 and ranged from 0.3 to 9.6. Considering the best signal value per patient, the mean of all best signal values was 5.5±2.0 and it ranged from 1.9 to 9.5. The lowest 10% of all the best signal value was<3. Conclusion The waveform score is a new parameter indicating the reliability of each measurement signal. The best signal value indicates the best measurements of each session (Not the mean of the measurements). To date, our results show that the lower 10% percentile is <3. This could suggest that all the measurements with waveform score lower than 3 should be discarded.
Purpose To investigate whether the ICare one rebound tonometer (ICRBT) can provide accurate measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the hands of an inexperienced user and to compare ICare measurements with Goldman tonometry (GAT). Methods A trained examiner instructed each of 60 normal subjects on use of the ICRBT. Each subject then measured his/her own pressure using the ICRBT. Finally, a different examiner, who was masked to the earlier readings, measured IOP by GAT. Results All of the subjects were able to obtain accurate measurements with ICRBT after three attempts. Mean intraocular pressures (IOPs +/‐ SD) obtained using the two instruments were GAT 16.5 +/‐ 3.7 mmHg; and ICRBT 17.9 +/‐ 3.6 mmHg. The 95% LoA for ICRBT‐GAT were from ‐2,5 to +5.7 mmHg Conclusion The ICRBT was accurate and reliable in the hands of normal subjects and may be used for self monitoring of IOP.
Purpose To evaluate changes in visual acuity after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (0.5 mg) in patients with ischemic and non‐ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods In a retrospective study, 25 consecutive patients (25 eyes) where included, 15 eyes with ischemic CRVO and 10 eyes with non‐ischemic CRVO. Ophthalmic examination included decimal best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT at presentation and follow‐up visits. Changes on BCVA after treatment, in a period of follow up from 3 to 24 months, were evaluated. SPSS18 was used for statistical analysis. Results In ischemic CRVO group, patients’ mean age was 70.53 years. BCVA at presentation was 0.025 +/‐ 0.034 (mean +/‐SD), and BCVA at the last follow up was 0.072 +/‐ 0.13. The number of intravitreal injections performed was 3.07 +/‐ 2.12. In non‐ischemic CRVO group patients΄mean age was 69.60 years. BCVA at presentation was 0.33 +/‐ 0.22, and BCVA at the last follow up was 0.60 +/‐ 0.24. The number of intravitreal injections performed was 2.7+/‐ 1.2. In ischemic CRVO group there was no statistically significant improvement in visual acuity (0.046 +/‐ 0.13, paired t‐test p=0,186), whereas in non‐ischemic CRVO group the BCVA after treatment improved significantly (0.27 +/‐ 0.23 paired t‐test p=0,006). Conclusion Intravitreal ranibizumab injections in patients with CRVO may result in a significant improvement of BCVA in patients with non‐ischemic CRVO. Future prospective studies and a larger number of patients are needed to verify these results.
Purpose To investigate the genotypes (subgenera) and variant serotypes of adenoviruses (HAdV) causing epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in Athens, Greece. Methods Conjunctival swabs were collected from 55 patients aged 20 to 70 years old with a clinical presentation compatible with adenoviral conjunctivitis, during a four months period (from January until April 2010). Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed to detect HAdV. The sequence of PCR products was analyzed to determine the subgenera of A,B,C,D,E, F and to identify variant serotypes of HAdV conjuctivitis by specific primers. Results Of 55 samples, HAdV DNA was detected in 19 samples (34.5%). Severe keratitis diagnosed in about 42.1% of examined positive patients. The subgenera analysis showed HAdV‐D in all positive samples with serotypes HAdV‐8 (63.15%), HAdV‐19 (15.8%) and HAdV‐37 (21.05%). Abrupt of photophobia, tearing, pain and severe red eye with edema and pain of the upper lid occurred commonly with conjuctival scarring. Subepithelial corneal keratitis was developed and persisted for period up to three weeks. Conclusion From the molecular analysis, HAdV‐8 was found to be the predominant serotype of the subgenus D of HAdV in Athens, Greece during the studied period.
Purpose To present a new surgical technique of vitrectomy and implantation of posterior chamber iris‐supported IOL and to evaluate the safety in eyes with inadequate zonular support and lens dislocation. Also, to study the refractive result and select the proper A constant ‐ formula for IOL power calculation. Methods 27 eyes (23 patients) having IOL‐capsule vitreous dislocation were included. Pseudoexfoliative glaucoma was present in 11 cases. The procedure involved pars plana vitrectomy, extraction of the dislocated IOL‐capsule, Artisan–Verysise IOL insertion in the posterior chamber and iris enclavation without peripheral iridectomy. Measurements were performed by IOL Master and scanning endothelial microscope. The refractive outcome and any complications were evaluated. Results The follow‐up period was 8‐24 months. Improvement in visual acuity was found in all 27 eyes. Postoperative refractive errors were within 1,5 D and the induced astigmatism was within 2 D. Complications such as retinal detachment,keratopathy, visual instabilities, or glaucoma progression were not found. The IOL was slightly eccentric in 4 cases. In 2 eyes single haptic subluxation was noticed and was relocated with second procedure. Temporary cystoid macular edema was observed in 4 eyes. Conclusion The management of cases having serious pseudoexfoliation and IOL dislocation with vitrectomy and posterior chamber iris‐claw IOL implantation seems to provide a safe alternative method with favorable outcome and satisfactory anatomic restoration combined with anterior segment protection. The power of Artisan–Verysise should be calculated with a new A constant (116,7–116,8), depending on the applied formula.
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