Yttrium hydroxide gel was dried by five techniques to study their influences on the sintering behavior of yttria. Dried precursors, calcined and sintered oxides, and the initial gel were examined via Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic andor attenuated total reflection spectroscopies. Carbonate was found to be in unidentate coordination to surface yttrium on both the dried hydroxide precursor and calcined oxide particles. An inverse correlation was found between the normalized surface carbonate concentration (carbonate concentration (wt %)/surface area (mZ/g)) of precursors and calcined oxides and the density of their corresponding sintered bodies. Carbonate affects sintered density during the calcination and sintering steps.
Synthesis Techniques General Reactants Reactions Characterization Techniques General Single crystal work I3 Knudsen cell mass spectrometry I5 RESULTS 17 Intercalation I7 Reaction of ZrX with ZrOg 20 General reactions 20 Structure results 39 Balanced equations 50 Transport reactions 53 Knudsen cell mass spectrometry study 56 Analogous reaction attempts 58 Photoelectron spectroscopy of ZrCl(0 ^ and ZrCl 52 DISCUSSION 68 Intercalation 68 Reaction of ZrX with ZrOg 69 ZrX(Oy) structure
Abstract. The current slatus and capabilities of FfiR PAS arc discussed including historical background, signal generation, FfiR spectrometer and photoacoustic detector technology and usc, and qualilativc and quantilalive applications that demonstrate the slate-of-the-art analytical capabilities of the technique.
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