A qualidade dos solos pode ser alterada por eventos naturais ou quando submetidos ao cultivo. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades químicas de solos provenientes de diferentes coberturas vegetais e sistemas de manejo. Para tanto, amostras de solos, na camada de 0–10 cm de profundidade, foram coletadas em seis áreas com tipos diferentes de cobertura vegetal e sistemas de cultivo para análise de suas propriedades químicas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste Scott-Knott a 5 % de probabilidade. Verificou-se que os níveis de matéria orgânica (MO) e carbono orgânico (CO) foram maiores nas áreas de remanescente de cultivo agrícola (RCA), mata natural (MN), sistema agroflorestal (SAF) e sistema de cultivo permacultura (SCP). O nível de P foi maior no solo de SCP, enquanto K foi maior no solo de SAF. O pH, Ca, Mg, soma de bases (SB), saturação de bases (V) e de saturação por alumínio (m), de forma geral, tiveram seus melhores índices no solo de SCP. Os resultados encontrados indicam que sistemas de cultivos de base agroecológica e com cobertura vegetal incrementam ou mantêm a fertilidade natural dos solos e, portanto, contribuem para melhoria de sua qualidade.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the pitaya’s Hylocereus undatusperformance under field conditions. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD). Five treatments consisting of the four different fertilizer dosages were included in this study, namely T1 (00-120-320-120); T2 (04-080-160-080); T3 (06-060-100-060); T4 (08-000-000-000) and T5 (Control: 00-000-000-000) of bovine manure (kg pit-1), urea (g pit-1), super simple (g pit-1) and potassium chloride (g pit-1), respectively. Parameters such as height, number, length, width, area, and volume of the cladodes were assessed at 20 and 320 days after planting. The number of fruits produced and mineral composition (N, K, Ca, Mg, P, and S) of H. undatusplants were also assessed. The results on morphometric characteristics of the cladodes, macronutrient composition and fruit yield have been recorded with higher values in treatments 3 and 4. However, according to the principal component analysis performed, treatment 3 was the one that correlated with the evaluated characteristics. The results have clearly indicatedthe importance of combination of adequate dose of mineral and organic fertilizer for better vegetative performance and yield of pitaya crop.
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