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A mathematical and numerical formulation is derived for fluid/structure interaction problems involving arbitrary geometries relevant to the simulation of bridge deck instabilities due to cross winds. A translating and rotating moving frame of reference is attached to the body to utilize an efficient fixed mesh spectral/hp element solver. The formulation is validated against experiments with flow simulations of circular cylinders at Reynolds numbers of 100–400 undergoing free and forced motion in the transverse and in‐line directions. The well‐documented phenomena of vortex lock‐in is captured. The formulation is then applied a rectangular body at Re=250 under forced and free motion the latter of which demonstrates torsional galloping. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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In this paper, a smooth fabric micromechanical model of 3D braided composites is presented for the first time. The proposed unit cell model of 3D braided composites is used for evaluation of elastic moduli and continuum damage analysis. An enriched element free Galerkin method is developed to implicitly include the unit cell formulation into the constitutive matrix, hence allowing the problem to be modelled with a simple uniform distribution of nodes. This special feature of the formulation offers the solution to modelling complicated composite architectures, such as the 3D braided composites. Three different Meshfree approaches, using moving least square approximation, radial basis function interpolation and moving kriging interpolation, are implemented. Finally, a continuum damage model is implemented into the meshfree method and applied to the braided composite.

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