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were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) for the determination of the metal content. The catalytic activity of the hybrid catalysts was tested in the hydrogenation of cyclohexene and carvone and it was found that they are more active than the homogeneous complex and reusable for at least 5 consecutive catalytic runs (with no leaching). Among the hybrid catalysts, those prepared with carbon nanotubes and nanofibres are noticeably more active. This behaviour has been attributed to a confinement effect due to the location of the metal complex in the hollow cavity of these supports.

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