Aim. To demonstrate the first results of the work on database created to assess long-term results of treatment of patients with posttraumatic biliary strictures and to develop a unified approach to the management of these patients.Materials and methods. “The register of patients with post-traumatic strictures of the bile ducts in Russia and the CIS countries” was created in 2016. It is a software for a computer that provides the opportunity for detailed registration and data analysis of a large number of patients.Results. From 2016 to 2021, the data of 132 patients were entered into the register. Long-term results were traced in 49 (60.5%) patients with the minimum and maximum follow-up periods of 3 and 44 months.Conclusion. The first registry results demonstrate its capabilities in generalization and analysis of treatment data for the patients with cicatrical posttraumatic biliary strictures. It also showed the necessity for wider participation of different specialists in work of database.
2 Клиника эндоскопической и малоинвазивной хирургии Ставропольского государственного медицинского университета; 355042, г. Ставрополь, ул. 50 лет ВЛКСМ, д. 18, Российская Федерация Ñîâðåìåííûå òåõíîëîãèè ëå÷åíèÿ ðóáöîâûõ ñòðèêòóð aeåë÷íûõ ïðîòîêîâ Цель. Определить показания и оценить возможности антеградных эндобилиарных вмешательств при рубцовых стриктурах билиодигестивных анастомозов. Материал и методы. С 2012 г. по май 2017 г. на лечении находилось 65 больных с рубцовыми стриктурами билиодигестивных анастомозов. Среди них 48 женщин и 17 мужчин в возрасте от 25 до 82 лет. Гепатикоэнтероанастомоз был сформирован у 36 больных, бигепатикоеюноанастомоз -у 26 и тригепатикоеюноанастомоз -у 3 пациентов. Методика антеградного вмешательства заключалась в чрескожной пункции желчного протока, реканализации и баллонной дилатации зоны стриктуры с установкой транспеченочного дренажа 8-10 Fr. В дальнейшем повторные баллонные дилатации и смену транспеченочных дренажей на 14 Fr осуществляли через каждые 2,5-3 мес. Процедуры завершали, если при очередной баллонной дилатации "талия" баллона не определялась. Результаты. Технически манипуляция была успешно выполнена у 97% больных. Продолжительность дренирования составила от 9 до 24 мес. Число баллонных дилатаций -от 3 до 8 у одного пациента. У 27 больных процесс лечения закончен, они находятся под динамическим наблюдением. Максимальный срок наблюдения после окончания лечения составляет 32 мес. Данных за рецидив стриктуры на настоящий момент нет ни у одного больного. В обсуждении представлены мнения международных экспертов относительно тактики ведения пациентов с рубцовыми стриктурами билиодигестивных анастомозов, а также технических аспектов антеградных вмешательств на желчных протоках. Заключение. Рентгенохирургические методы лечения рубцовых стриктур билиодигестивных анастомозов показывают долгосрочную эффективность, которая в ряде случаев превышает эффективность традиционных методов. Однако с целью систематизации данных и выработки единой тактики ведения больных создан Национальный реестр больных с доброкачественными билиарными стриктурами. Адрес сайта: https://www.pbds.info.Клю че вые сло ва: рубцовые стриктуры билиодигестивных анастомозов, антеградные эндобилиарные вмешательства, баллонная дилатация, транспеченочное дренирование желчных протоков.
Aim. To analyze complications of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy depending on biliary obstruction level and drainage type.Material and methods. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was carried out in 974 patients with mechanical jaundice of different genesis. External drainage was predominantly performed for distal obstruction, external-internal suprapapillary – for proximal obstruction. Strictures of biliodigestive anastomosis were managed using percutaneous balloon dilatation and long-term external-internal drainage.Results. Overall morbility was 19.1%. Significant relationship between morbidity and obstruction level, drainage type and tubes quantity was detected. Drainage tube dislocation was the most common drainage-related complication both in proximal and distal obstruction. External-internal transpapillary drainage was followed by suppurative cholangitis and acute pancreatitis in 81.5% of cases. External-internal suprapapillary drainage was accompanied by acute cholangitis in 17.1% of patients and was determined by disconnection of subsegmental ducts that required additional drainage tubes placement. In most cases, complications were corrected by minimally invasive surgery and nonsurgical treatment. Overall mortality was 1.3% (0.3% in cases of distal obstruction and 1.8% in cases of proximal obstruction).Conclusion. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage is a routine non-traumatic method of biliary decompression that may be successfully used irrespective to obstruction level and cause of jaundice. External-internal suprapapillary drainage is preferable for proximal biliary obstruction while external-internal transpapillary drainage should be avoided.
Aim. To determine the character of bile outflow in patients who underwent biliary tract reconstructive surgery without any clinical and instrumental evidence of the stricture of biliodigestive anastomosis.Materials and methods. The authors analyzed the findings of radionuclide biliary tract studies conducted in 102 patients with biliodigestive anastomosis from 2016 to 2020. The significant relationship between clinical data and hepatobiliary scintigraphy results was confirmed using Fisher’s exact test.Results. In 75 patients (73.5%), bile outflow disturbance was attributed to the efferent loop motility. Of these cases, 3 (4%) involved paresis of the efferent loop, while 70 (93.3%) exhibited multiple episodes of reflux from the efferent loop into the biliodigestive anastomosis and the intrahepatic bile ducts. In 2 patients (2.6%) showing no clinical signs of chronic cholangitis, a rare reflux from the efferent loop into the biliodigestive anastomosis and the intrahepatic bile ducts was noted.Conclusions. Efferent loop dysfunction can greatly disturb bile outflow following the formation of a biliodigestive anastomosis, thus creating conditions for the development of complications.
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