Optical fibers with bismuth-doped silicate and germanate glass cores were fabricated by the modified chemical vapor deposition technique (solution and vapor-phase Bi incorporation). The fibers revealed an efficient luminescence with a maximum in the 1050-1200 nm spectral range, FWHM up to 200 nm, and a lifetime of the order of 1 ms.

Spectroscopic properties of optical fibers with a bismuth-doped silicate glass core are explained on the basis of molecular orbital theory and a solution of the Schrödinger equation, which takes into account the exchange, the spin-orbital, and the glass field potential interactions of s, p, and d electron shells of bismuth with s(sigma), p(sigma), and p(pi) orbits of oxygen atoms. The approach can explain the IR luminescence properties of other optical centers formed by other atoms with the same structure of electron shells as the bismuth atom. The model of transitions based on intramolecular charge transfer between molecular orbital and metallic states is proposed.

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The spectral phenomena in optical fibres with bismuth-doped aluminosilicate glass core are explicated on the basis of a molecular orbital theory and of a Schrödinger equation solution, taking into account the exchange, spin–orbit and crystal field interactions of s, p and d electrons of M atoms (M signifies Bi, Sb, Pb, Sn, In, Te, etc) with ligand orbits of environmental B atoms (B signifies O, S, Se, etc). Energy level diagrams and selection rules of transitions between molecular orbital states of s and p electrons of MBm molecule permit us to determine the energies of the main spectral transitions of absorption and luminescent spectra and their correspondence with experimental spectra of different types of optical fibres is obtained.

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