In the present work the X-ray optical anisotropy of 5CB type liquid crystals has been investigated based on the method of X-ray interferometry. In this way Moire fringes have been obtained both in the absence and presence of specimens with different orientations of optical axes. The relative displacement of Moire fringes enabled us to observe and immediately ascertain the presence of X-ray optical anisotropy, to measure the values of refractive indices n o and n e for this specimen (n o is the refractive index for radiation with polarization normal to the principal plain, n e is that for radiation with polarization in the principal plain parallel to the optical axis). X-ray optical anisotropy of 5CB type liquid crystal was observed using the proposed method and values of refractive indices n o and n e for this specimen were measured. It was found out that 5CB type nematic liquid crystal was X-ray anisotropic optically positive medium.
The X-ray diffraction in interferometric systems consisting of mirror block parts having different thicknesses is investigated. By means of these systems, V-shaped interference patterns are ohtained and they are shown to be due t o rotations of reflecting planes when the mirror system has different thickness parts. With the change in sign of this difference or in the sense of rrflecting plane rotations, the V-shaped fringes are inverted.Die Rontgenbeugung in interferrometrischrn Systemen aus Spiegelblockteilcn mit verschirdener Dicke wird untersucht. Mit diesen Systemen werden V-formige Interferenzmuster erhnltrn und es wird gezeigt, daR sie durrh Rotation der reflektierenden Eb!nen hrrvorgerufen werden, wenn ~R S Spiegelsystem Teile mit verschiedener Dicke hat. Mit der Anderung des Vorzeichens diesrr Differenz oder im Rotationssinn der reflektierenden Ebcncn werden die V-formigen Streifcn invcrtiert.
The influence of dilatation and defocusing on interference lines obtained with LLL interferometers having different-thickness mirror blocks is studied both theoretically and experimentally. These interference lines are known to be V-shaped. It is shown that the vertices of V-shaped bands are displaced along the direction of the diffraction vector and of the normal to the scattering plane. TeOpeTliYeCKHu3KCnepaMeHTanbHOHCCneAOBaHOBnuRHuenunaTa~aeIIAe@OKyCapOBKHHaHHTep@e-P e W H O H H b K JIHHHH, IIOJIyYeHHble OT Ann HHTep@epOMeTpOB C PX%HOTO.MLIHHHbIMH 3epKWlbHblMH 6nOKaMM. 3 T H HHTep@epeHUHOHHbIe J H H H H , KBK H3BeCTHO HMeIOT V-oGpas~ym @OpMY. nOKa3aH0, TO BepuruHbI V-06pa3~b1x nonoc npeTepneBamT CMeuesim no HanpaanerImo BeKTopa nu@parquu H no HOpManU nnOCKOCTH PaCIXflHHfl.
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