To obtain a better understanding of the relationships between fiber properties of the constituents of a cotton blend and the processes up to drawing, a review is presented of the effects of blending, orienting, and removing crimp from fibers on HVI test results. These effects are also explored experimentally by testing fibers from the same laydown in bale, card sliver, and drawn sliver form using HVI equipment. Apparent reductions in upper half mean and increases in short fiber content of card sliver may be due to the formation of hooks. Significant correlations between micronaire and fiber properties related to length that are present in bale samples are lacking in both card and drawn sliver samples, suggesting that there is at least one unmeasured factor in this analysis. Measured micronaire values are sensitive to crimp and fiber packing density. Differences in fiber property distributions can have significant effects on HVI measurements, and distributions of single fiber properties of a blend may differ drastically from those of single bales. Strength tests of blended bundles may not include all constituents in the blend, because only the longest fibers are clamped in the jaws. Testing the fiber population at various stages of processing yields different information about fiber bundles.High volume instrument ( HvI ) systems provide abundant fiber property data that affect all phases of the cotton industry; the results are used by those who breed, grow, gin, classify, and spin cotton to control processes and improve product performance. Originally intended to evaluate fiber quality of individual cotton bales following ginning, HvI systems are increasingly used to characterize fiber properties after further processing. In this paper, we explore the effects of blending and processing cotton on fiber property distributions and Hvt test results, both theoretically and experimentally. We investigate further the effects of fiber property distributions on HvI bundle strength in Part II, along with the effects of bundle characteristics and jaw placement.Fiber Blending ELONGATION . Cui tested 25,000 fibers from each of two American Upland cotton samples on a Mantis. single fiber tester [ 3 ] . Using X 2 statistics, he determined that normal distributions fit single fiber elongations very well.Sasser et al. [ 16 ] developed a method for calctalatina bundle load-elongation curves by superimposing the constituent single 6ber load-elongation cura The time-aligned array model may be used to simulate a bundle when single fiber crimp, elongation, and toad are known. The bundle load at a given elongation is the sum of all individual 6ber loads at that elongation, assuming a constant tensile modulus. Cui was able to simulate the bundles and create realistic bundle loadelongation curves. Fiber bundle strength decreased as the standard deviation of single 5ber elongation increased, but bundle strength and elongation decreased with mean single fiber elongation [ 3 ] .Adams used a similar approach in his analysis of bundle load-elo...
A review of literature about the effects of fiber property distributions and jaw place ment on HVI testing results is followed by a description of and results from an HVI computer simulator. A novel analysis of previously published data shows that mean and standard deviation of breaking load and elongation of a prepared test specimen vary with distance from the specimen clamp. Results of an HVI simulator based on theoretical considerations described here agree with experimental results. Placing jaws at different percent span lengths may introduce error into strength measurements by including a different subset of fibers with different fiber properties in each test. In addition, the MCI HVI air orifice used in strength tests may preferentially remove fiber crimp according to fiber elongation, which would result in an apparent increase in bundle strength.
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