Harmonious development, management and thriving of urban space depends much on places of seemingly little importance -modest suburban areas of housing, industrial zones, mixed peripheral developments, but zooming in to the point of analyzing the urban detail, also the areas that bring those zones together -the urban buffers. The urban buffers may be defined as seams between areas of diverse urban functions, particularly those of contradicting functions.The dynamic development processes often occurring in peripheral zones of cities are subject to multiple social, political and economic pressure factors and diminish the rationality of planning and spatial management. On one hand, there is a classic process of urban sprawl, well described in the literature and resulting mostly in housing pouring out of timely limits of urban structures. On the other hand, there are larger infrastructural or industrial developments with their primary assumption on being settled in well communicated but cheap land plots. This kind of mixture results in creating interweaved fabric of many functions and their areas of influence overlapping and producing conflicting zones. This paper will attempt to diagnose and systematize buffer areas as well as confront ways the conflicts manifest with possible planning and design solutions aimed at weakening negative effects or eliminating those effects.
mgr inż. arch., mgr inż. arch., mgr inż. arch., mgr inż.Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy w Bydgoszczy Wydział Budownictwa, Architektury i Inżynierii Środowiska Katedra Architektury STRESZCZENIEArtykuł przedstawia badania związane z poszukiwaniem metody pozwalającej na oszacowanie tempa rozwoju zabudowy rezydencjonalnej w oparciu o analizę struktury czynników ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem uwarunkowań lokalnych. Próba badawcza skoncentrowana jest na puli obszarów dedykowanych pod obiekty mieszkaniowe, z silnym naciskiem na jednorodzinnej, objęte w okresie obserwacji planami miejscowymi. Odnosi się to do diagnozy silnego wpływu aktów normatywnych i planowanych inwestycji, często pomijanych w prognozach bazujących na ekstrapolacji. Słowa kluczowe: analizy czasoprzestrzenne, FAST, prognozowanie rozwoju przestrzennego, system wspomagania zarządzania przestrzenią ABSTRACTThe paper focuses on the search for assessment method determining the pace of the development of residential areas on multi-factor analysis acknowledging local conditions of an area. The research examines areas assigned for the construction of residential buildings, particularly single-family detached housing, and having master plan during the period of their observation. It aims at diagnosing the strong influence of legal acts and planned developments, which are often omitted in extrapolation-based forecasts.Keywords: FAST, spatial decision support system, spatial forecast, time related spatial analysis 152 s p a c e & FORM | p r z e s t r z e ń i FORMa '25_2016 WPROWADZENIEŚwiadome kształtowanie procesu decyzyjnego w planowaniu przestrzennym wymaga uwzględnienia specyfiki tkanki przestrzennej oraz zachodzących w niej procesów. Konieczność takiego działania wynika z samej natury planowania, próbującego przezwycię-żyć problem krótkiej perspektywy funkcjonowania społeczeństw demokratycznych, w któ-rych cykl wyborczy zakłóca często implementację działań opartych na długoterminowych priorytetach. W tym kontekście wielokroć ujawnia się konflikt interesów, zarówno pomię-dzy poszczególnymi podmiotami dysponującymi i użytkującymi przestrzeń, jak również w odniesieniu do mnogości celów i wartości zawartych w filarach zrównoważonego rozwoju, zdefiniowanego jako próba cywilizacyjnej odpowiedzi na różnorakie problemy trapiące środowisko zurbanizowane -przeludnienie, dewastację środowiska naturalnego i redukcję naturalnych habitatów, inflację terenów miejskich i konsumpcję terenów podmiejskich przekształcanych chaotycznie i realizowanych z niewystarczającą infrastrukturą, by wymienić tylko niektóre. Zrównoważony rozwój, którego definicję sformułowała Światowa Komisja Środowiska i Rozwoju zwana Komisją Brundtland [29], postuluje kompleksowe kształtowanie procesów cywilizacyjnych w sposób, który z jednej strony zapobiegając wyeksploatowaniu natury i jej zasobów z drugiej pozostawia możliwość rozwoju struktur wznoszonych przez człowieka i potrzebnych do funkcjonowania społeczeństw. Odzwierciedlenie tego pożądanego stanu równowagi wymaga korelacji między czynni...
There was an unprecedented development of cities, both in 19th and 20th century. Especially, late 20th century faced the moment in which urban population exceeded rural population only to accelerate this trend at the turn of the 21st century. Cities have become extremely fragile, technologically densified, extremely saturated with men and their artifacts, and too much extent very random, chaotic in its emergent patterns, either expanding the city or transforming its existent parts.Simultaneously, these complex urban patterns encouraged the elaboration of sophisticated systems of urban management. But these systems work only in some areas of the world, most often unable to follow the quick rate of expansion. Therefore, substandard urban areas, undeveloped or overdeveloped, poor areas, segregation, exclusion zones, economically inefficient areas which cannot gain resources to get renovated, refurbished, and renewed.The work discusses small-scale intervention in chaotic urban areas -Ariadne's Thread system intended to provide signage, telecommunication support, emergency reactive platform with surveillance options, and lighting integrated and dedicated to areas currently having none of these systems appropriately developed. The cluster of pylons connects to permanent local node, compulsory hard infrastructural element. The role of the latter, tasks to perform, the equipment used to analyze signals from cluster and respond in an appropriate manner is a significant supplementing and coordinating hub of the system. This paper will present the structure of the system, its working patterns, and methodology applied.
Buildings having educational features (besides trade, culture, sport and recreation) are the most desirable neighbourhood in the area of housing. If they are not at a reasonable distance, local communities demand to build the appropriate buildings. If there is an educational building and it is too small, locals try to upgrade the environment. The authorities are trying to solve the problem of appropriate location of educational infrastructure because of its great importance and public interest. They do this despite the high cost, not only related to the construction or expansion of such facilities, but also in spite of the high maintenance costs. The aging as well as other fluctuations of the population, like migration to and from the city to suburbs or rural areas and the development of new housing can generate problematic situations. Certain areas of the city are underpopulated, while others are overpopulated with regard to educational infrastructure, resulting in, for example, schools having too few or too many students. This phenomenon is particularly evident in larger cities and in adjacent areas where significant expansion of suburbs occurs. New development areas are relatively far from the locations where schools are currently oversized. This serious problem goes far beyond the financial consequences and affects the quality of education and safety, at the same time increasing traffic and hence also the environment. This paper will attempt to diagnose and systematize selected strategies aimed at appropriate designing and location of educational facilities. It will propose the way of diagnosing and balancing negative effects, and it will define how to transfer these analytic findings into a design process to acquire sustainable solutions using a Polish-centred perspective.
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