Materials producing strain in magnetic fields are known as magnetoelastic or magnetostrictive materials. A new type has been developed and the elongation of magnetic field sensitive polymer gels, called ferrogels, has been studied. The driving force of the deformation is the magnetic field gradient which was produced by an electromagnet. Unidirectional deformation measurements have been performed and the dependence of elongation on the current intensity has been reported. An equation for the uniaxial magnetoelastic properties has been derived and it was proven that at small strains the elongation is proportional to the square of steady current intensity. The elastic modulus of ferrogels was found not to be influenced by the magnetic field.
Unidirectional elongation of magnetic field sensitive polymer gels, called ferrogels, have been studied. In ferrogels, finely distributed colloidal particles having superparamagnetic behavior are incorporated into a swollen network. These particles couple the shape of the gel to the nonuniform magnetic field. Shape distortion occurs instantaneously and disappears when the external field is removed. A discontinuous elongation and contraction in response to infinite-small change in the external magnetic field has been observed and a theoretical interpretation based on coupled magnetic and rubber elastic properties is provided.
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