Marin-Amat syndrome is a synkinesis which develops following facial nerve palsy and manifests as an involuntary eyelid closure when the jaw is opened. We presented 2 patients with Marin-Amat syndrome. One patient developed this syndrome after Bell palsy and the other after cross-facial nerve graft and free functional muscle transfer. Surgery was planned with an attempt to resect the target muscle innervated by the aberrant nerve to eliminate the paradoxical synkinesis. We developed a new surgical technique by resection of the upper or lower preseptal orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) to treat the synkinetic eyelid closure effectively in both cases. Since the pretarsal and orbital OOM remain intake, patients can close their eyes smoothly. No recurrence or any sequela was noted after long-term follow-up. Careful preoperative electromyography study and detailed dynamic facial image analysis of both upper and lower lid OOM are very important to locate the synkinetic muscle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to treat Marin-Amat syndrome successfully with surgical resection of preseptal OOM.
For the assessment of fat malabsorption, the standard method of measuring faecal fat excretion using a 5 day stool collection has been compared with the alternative methods: stool microscopy, a lipid tolerance test and a continuous marker technique for the estimation of fat content on a single stool sample. The lipid test, using an emulsion of arachis oil (Prosparol), was less reliable than had been expected with a sensitivity of 33% and a specificity of 45.4%. Stool microscopy using Oil Red O to stain fat globules had a sensitivity of 72.2% and a specificity of 95.4%. Fat estimation of a single stool sample using copper (1) thiocyanate showed a high correlation with that determined on a 5 day stool collection (p less than 0.001). It is concluded that lipid tolerance tests have little place in the estimation of fat absorption. In laboratories where faecal fats are not measured, microscopic examination of stool for fat globules provides a specific and relatively sensitive method for detecting steatorrhoea. The use of a continuous marker provides a method for assessing the degree of steatorrhoea on a single stool sample without the disadvantages of the conventional method of faecal fat analysis.
390 COVENTRY AND PEACOCK 5. Panagiotis NS, Justicz AG, Ricketts RR. Rupture of the airways from blunt trauma: Treatment of complex injuries. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1992; 54: 177-83. 6. James OF, Moore PG, Gillies JR. Tracheobronchial and oesophageal ruptures caused by blunt injury. Aust. N.Z. J. Surg. 1983; 53: 305-7. comparison of synthetic absorbable suture with synthetic nonabsorbable suture for construction of tracheal anastomoses. Chest 1981; 79: 340-2. 8. Deslauriers J, Beaulieu M, Archambault G, LaForge J, Bernier R. Diagnosis and long-term follow-up of major bronchial disruptions due to nonpenetrating trauma. Ann. Thnrac. Surg. 7. Gibbons JA, Peniston RL, Diamond SS, Aaron BL. A 198 1 ; 33: 32-9.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.