Introduction: Titanium alloys and seeveral stainless steels show good performance when used in orthopedic replacements due to their excellent properties, such as mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant-bone interface on ISO 5832-9 and Ti6Al4V alloys electrochemical treated. Methods: The growth of oxides was carried out on stainless steel ISO 5832-9 up to1.0V in phosphate buffered saline and Ti6Al4V alloy up to 5.0V, at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for qualitative characterization. The in vivo experiment was conducted with rats divided into 3 groups: untreated surface-Control (Group 1); anodic oxide grown up to 1.0V for ISO 5832-9 and up to 5.0V for Ti6Al4V (Group 2); anodic oxide grown up to 1.0V for ISO 5832-9 and up to 5.0V for Ti6Al4V and surface activation with hydroxyapatite (Hpa) in SBF (10 days) for both materials (Group 3). The implants were inserted in tibia by surgery. After 6 weeks the animals were euthanized and tibia processed for SEM. Results: Ti6Al4V alloy had a typical valve's metal behaviour due to stable oxide titanium growing as barrier. ISO 5832-9 stainless steel showed stable oxide but as a thinner film irregularly distributed on the surface of implants. These behaviours were consistent with in vivo test which showed uniform bone matrix deposition on the Ti6Al4V surface of bone
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