The socio-political aspect of considering the environmental problems of the operation of oil refineries is associated with solving environmental problems on a scale of all mankind in the presence of various social systems. Oil refining processes pose a danger to the habitat of the living world, as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere are polluted. To prevent and reduce the environmental load on the environment, it is necessary to introduce environmental management methods in oil refining, to conduct economic activities within the capacity of ecosystems on the basis of the massive introduction of energy and resource-saving technologies.
Given the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, mankind faced a difficult task - the protection of the most important components of the environment (earth, water, air), subject to severe pollution by man-made waste and emissions, which leads to soil and water oxidation, destruction of the ozone layer of the earth and climatic changes … The industrial policy of the whole world has led to such irreversible and significant changes in the environment that this issue (environmental protection at the enterprise) has become, a global problem of the modern world, is important and urgent. The fuel and energy complex is of great regional importance, it creates the preconditions for the development of fuel-intensive industries and serves as the basis for the formation of industrial complexes, including electric power, petrochemical, coal chemical, and gas industry.
The modern world is impossible without telecommunication technologies, which blur state borders and the distance between people, make mobile and video communication available and allow solving many problems in the field of management, education, and commerce. Each person encounters them on a daily basis, sharing phone calls, checking emails or buying goods from online stores. The general concept of information and communication technologies includes a set of methods, processes and devices that allow you to receive, collect, accumulate, store, process and transmit information encoded in digital form or existing in analog form. The actual problem today is the limited number of land plots for the construction of linear facilities, namely telecommunication networks, and it is one of the main problems in the city due to the rather high density of buildings.
Due to economic difficulties, less and less funds have been allocated for environmental protection recently. The economic activity of mankind over the last century, in fact, has led to the pollution of our planet with plastic bags with various waste products. The problem of environmental pollution is as complex as it is serious. The development of industry, urban agglomerations, an increase in the flow of vehicles and noise significantly affects the environment and, as a result, the health of the population.
Most of the surface of our planet is occupied by seas, oceans, rivers, lakes, surface waters and underground reservoirs. Currently, pollution of the hydrosphere is a global problem of our time. Water pollution occurs to a greater extent from human activity. This leads to a negative impact on the quality and quantity of suitable water, as well as on the habitat of living organisms. The condition of groundwater is assessed as critical and tends to further deteriorate. Groundwater is affected by pollution from oil fields, mining enterprises, filtration fields, slag accumulators and dumps of metallurgical plants.
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