The possibility of determining the charge state of lithium-sulfur batteries using the ANFIS model was estimated. Easily measurable in practice physical quantities were used as input parameters of the model. They are the battery voltage, the rate of its change and the number of previous cycles. The analysis of ANFIS models with various parameters (the number and type of membership functions) was carried out. It was shown that ANFIS is a model that makes it possible to estimate the charge state of a lithium-sulfur battery with the accuracy of more than 95%. The proposed type of models can be used in control and monitoring systems, together with digital aggregated twins, for additional training of models based on real data and increasing the accuracy of estimating the charge state of lithium-sulfur batteries.
Методом спектрофотометрии изучено взаимодействие полисульфидов лития с растворами тетрафторбората лития и перхлората лития в сульфолане. Установлено, что формы существования полисульфидов лития в растворах определяются их концентрацией и присутствием литиевых солей. Разбавление растворов полисульфидов лития сульфоланом приводит к увеличению степени электролитической диссоциации и уменьшению гомолитической диссоциации полисульфидов лития. Введение литиевых солей в растворы полисульфидов лития подавляет их электролитическую диссоциацию и снижает растворимость.
The Italian territory has a high exposure to natural risks including floods and landslides. An early warning system run by the Department for Civil Protection, both at national and regional level, operates to forecasted conditions of potential hydrogeological risk on the basis of forecasted meteorological conditions. The aim of the present paper is to study the relationship between the level of alert issued by the Civil Protection and the characteristics of the associated rainfall events. The case study is a particular area of the Campania region, highly prone to hydrogeological risk. A database of 138 warnings issued during the period 2018-2019 has been analyzed. The warnings were classified using analytical and graphical methods with various criteria. The duration, total rainfall, peak intensity, return period, n-index, BSC-index were used. The results show that there is a clear correlation between the severity of the warnings and the cumulative, peak intensity and the structure of precipitation. No relationship has instead been found between the severity of the warnings and the severity of the rainfall event which, besides the limitation of the case study with a small sample of analyzed events, can be an indication of changing climate conditions.
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