This trial was carried out to establish an appropriate nutrient solution for Aglaonema commutatum and to investigate the nutritional effects generated by modifications in the solution. Six treatments were tested: control (T 0 ; pH 6.5, E.C. 1.5 dS m 21 , 6 mmol L 21 NO 3 2 -N, and 6 mmol L 21 K þ ); high nitrogen (N) level (T 1 ; 9 mmol L 21 6:3 NO 3 2 -NH 4 þ ); N form (T 2 ; 6 mmol L 21 N-NH 4 þ ); high K þ level (T 3 ; 12 mmol L 21 K þ ); high electrical conductivity (T 4 ; E.C. 4 dS m 21 , 25 mmol L 21 NaCl), and basic pH (T 5 ; pH 8). At the end of the cultivation, leaf, shoot, and root dry weights and elemental concentrations were determined. Nutrient contents and total plant uptake were calculated from the dry weights and nutrient concentrations. Plant K þ uptake increased with application of K þ or basic nutrient solution. The uptake and transport of calcium (Ca) were enhanced by the use of NO 3 2 -N and inhibited by the presence of other cations in the medium (NH 4 þ , K þ , Na þ ) and by basic pH. Magnesium (Mg) uptake increased with NO 3 2 -N application and with pH. Sodium (Na) uptake was the highest in the saline treatment (T 4 ), followed by the basic pH treatment. Sodium accumulation was detected in the roots (natrophobic plant), where the plant generated a physiological barrier to avoid damage. Dry weight did not differ significantly (p , 0.05) among treatments except in the NaCl treatment. These results may help in the formulation of nutrient solutions that take into account the ionic composition of irrigation water and the physiological requirements of plants.
The experiment was carried out in a recycling system in a Buried Solar Greenhouse in the Mediterranean area. Aglaonema commutatum 'Silver Queen' was grown in a container with a diameter of 0.17 m filled with polyethylene balls as a substrate. In this work we study the effects of both types of salinity of the recirculating solution. The established treatments have been three: T1 (1.5 dS m-1), T2 (2.0 dS m-1) and T3 (4.0 dS m-1). The treatment T1 presents (6, 0.6 and 1 mmol L-1 of K + , Na + and Clrespectively), the differences of E.C. are due to a increase until 12 mmol L-1 of K + in the treatment T2 and 24.0 and 25.0 mmol L-1 Na + and Clrespectively in the treatment T3. The samplings were took during two periods: in winter conditions and in summer conditions. This study comprise the taking of samples each 24 hours of the recirculating solution, during twenty days. The experimental results show that the increment of the E.C. of the recirculating solution does not affect to the following parameters: pH, NO 3 and H 2 PO 4-. Along the sampling period there is not an increment of the E.C. in the treatment T2 that is according with the concentrations of K + of the recirculating solution. Nevertheless, in the treatment T3 an important increment of E.C. along the sampling period has been observed. This result is according with the increment of Cland Na + of the recirculating solution. The levels found of these three parameters (E.C., Na + and Cl-) can cause problems in the crop and water with this salinity should not be utilized for the cultivation of Aglaonema commutatum 'Silver Queen' in closed systems. Resumen El experimento se llevó a cabo en un Invernadero Solar Enterrado (INSOLE) con sistema recirculante en la zona mediterránea. Aglaonema commutatum 'Silver Queen' se cultivó en un contenedor de 17 cm de diámetro, el sustrato empleado han sido perlas de polietileno negro. En este trabajo se estudia como evoluciona la concentración de los distintos elementos en este sistema recirculante. Los tratamientos establecidos ha sido tres: T1 (1.5 dS m-1), T2 (2.0 dS m-1) y T3 (4.0 dS m-1). El tratamiento T1 presenta (6, 0.6 y 1 mmol L-1 de K + , Na + y Clrespectivamente), las diferencias de C.E. son debidas al incremento de la concentración de K + hasta 12 mmol L-1 en el tratamiento T2, y 24.0 y 25.0 mmol L-1 Na + y Clrespectivamente en el tratamiento T3. Las muestras se han recogido durante dos periodos: en condiciones de invierno y en condiciones de verano. Este estudio comprende la toma de muestras cada 24 horas de la solución recirculante, durante 20 días. Los resultados experimentales muestran que el incremento de la C.E. de la solución recirculante no afecta a los siguientes parámetros: pH, NO 3 y H 2 PO 4-. A lo largo del periodo de muestreo no se observa un incremento de la C.E. en el tratamiento T2, este resultado está en consonancia con la concentración de K + encontrada durante el periodo de muestreo, que tampoco sufre un aumento significativo. Sin embargo, en el tratamiento T3 se observa un incremento importante ...
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