Purpose: This study attempted to understand the life, pain, and barriers to physical activity in the daily life of patients with panic disorder (PD). It aimed to provide specific evidence to promote physical activity for patients, suggesting that suitable physical activity strategies for patients with PD would be of value. Methods: Seven patients were invited to participate in a photovoice study. Photovoice is one example of participatory action research. Results: This study inductively identified two main themes: the life and pain of patients with PD and perceived barriers to participate in physical activity by patients with panic disorder. Conclusion: Based on a specific understanding of the population, this study attempted to provide evidence why patients with panic disorder need appropriate physical-activity-promoting strategies.

This study analyzed the correlation between elementary school students’ body composition, physical activity, physical fitness, movement ability, and academic achievement. Movements ranged from simple actions to complex movements requiring executive functioning. In total, 110 fourth graders (60 boys, 50 girls) participated in this experiment. Body composition (BMI, % of body fat), physical activity (pedometer), physical fitness (muscular strength, endurance, power, flexibility, and VO2max), and complex movement abilities (Illinois Agility test, soda pop hand test, and soda pop foot test) were measured. Regression modeling of body composition and fitness/activity variables was able to account for 30.5% of the variation of total academic scores in females, but only 4.3% in males. No individual tests were reliably correlated with multiple academic outcomes in males. However, hand and foot soda pop times, as well as Illinois Agility scores, were repeatedly correlated with academic outcomes in females, each correlating with 4 of the 6 academic scores. Body composition and physical activity level did not correlate with academic achievement, and simple physical fitness showed a low correlation with academic achievement in both boys and girls. On the other hand, complex, cognitively demanding movements such as the Illinois Agility, soda pop hand, and soda pop foot tests had consistent correlations with academic achievement in girls, but not in boys.

In this paper, low cost and high performance duplexers are investigated for WiMAX front-end module with multi-layered organic package substrate. This dual band FEM includes a 2.5 GHz power amplifier die with switch and has tiny PKG form factor. In addition to module size limitation, FEM requires higher gain and stringent attenuation characteristics specification. The embedded BPFs and duplexer were designed on 8 layer organic substrates by using ADS and HFSS for finding out efficient structure and verifying FEM specifications. The dual-band FEM with embedded passive components incorporates duplexer including 2 GHz and 5 GHz BPFs. BPFs and duplexer have size of 1.65 × 1.8 × 0.12 mm, 1.32 × 1.2 × 0.12 mm and 2 × 2 × 0.6 mm respectively. Integrated dual-band BPFs show an insertion loss of < −1.8 dB in path band and 22∼40 dB attenuation performance in rejection band. The measured results of BPFs and duplexer show good electrical performance with low insertion loss, high attenuation. Embedded passive Packaging technology has many advantages such as improving packaging efficiency and better electrical performances for low cost and highly compact RF SOP (System on Package) applications.

This study attempted to explore the barriers to physical activity of older patients with Hypertension. It aimed to provide robust evidence produced through their eyes. First, through the data analysis of the accelerometer and the decision of the research team, 10 out of the 30 applicants were invited to participate in a photovoice study. Photovoice is one example of participatory action research. Photovoice participants can communicate their unique experiences through photographs, providing a highly realistic and authentic perspective that is not possible to be understood with traditional qualitative research. This study inductively identified four main themes; health illiteracy, distortion of health information, fear of physical activity, and rejection of any life changes. Based on a specific understanding of the population’s perception of physical activity, this study attempted to provide evidence of why many elderly Korean patients with Hypertension stay inactive.

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to present the design and manufacture of embedded passive devices in organic substrates. Design/methodology/approach -Low cost and high performance duplexers have been designed for WiMAX front-end modules with multi-layered organic substrates. Band-pass filters (BPFs) and duplexers for the WiMAX FEM have been embedded in organic substrates. In addition, a new organic substrate manufacturing process has been proposed in order to improve the tolerance of embedded passives in organic substrates. Findings -The overall size of FEM, which includes PA and bypass capacitor, is 5.4 £ 4 £ 1.5 mm. BPFs and duplexer show good electrical performances with low insertion loss and high attenuation. The dual-band FEM with embedded passive components incorporates the duplexers including 2 and 5 GHz BPFs. The dimensions of BPFs and duplexer are 1.65 £ 1.8 £ 0.12 mm, 1.32 £ 1.2 £ 0.12 mm and 2 £ 2 £ 0.6 mm, respectively. The integrated dual-band BPFs show an insertion loss , 1.8 dB in path band and 22-40 dB attenuation performance in rejection band. The newly proposed fabrication process improves the tolerance for embedded capacitors in the organic substrate. This new process provides two main advantages. First, the flat coating process is not required. Second, it has a better copper pattern tolerance since the pattern is achieved with the addictive process. The tolerance of capacitances produced by the newly proposed process is compared with one manufactured by the conventional etching process. The newly proposed process provides a better capacitance tolerance.Research limitations/implications -In future studies, it is suggested that the tolerance study should include other variations such as thickness, alignment and material properties. Practical implications -The paper's findings can be used for designing and manufacturing embedded passives devices for wireless applications. Originality/value -This study shows a technology development in the area of embedded passive devices in organic substrates.

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