Screening tests of fungal metabolites were performed for developing new types of antioxidants and synergists for tocopherol (Toc). Flavoglaucin has been found to be an excellent antioxidant and synergist. It is a phenolic compound isolated from mycelial mats ofEurotium chevalieri. Under autoxidation conditions, flavoglaucin remarkably synergized with Toc and stabilized many edible oils and fats. After the addition of flavoglaucin (0.05 %) the vegetable oils retained their original stabilities even after thermal treatment at 180 C for 25 hr. During the oxidation of lard containing Toc (0.04%) under the simulated deep‐fat frying conditions, the addition of flavoglaucin didn't retard the oxidative decomposition of Toc. However, the stability of lard always was higher in the presence of flavoglaucin than in its absence. Flavoglaucin is not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 and TA 98.
We have established a program to screen large numbers of wild-type fungi isolated from soil for potential producers of antioxidants and synergists for tocopherol (Toc). An antioxidant and potent Toc synergist was isolated from mycelial mats of Penicillium paraherquei. It was one of the deoxyherqueinone-type phenalenones and has been identified as atrovenetin.Under autoxidation conditions, the induction periods of this compound (0.025%) tested by the active oxygen method were 571 and 171 hr in lard with and without Toc (0.04%), respectively. It was also capable of stabilizing vegetable oils such as soybean, rapeseed and palm oils.
Natural antioxidants and synergists for tocopherol (Tot) have been isolated as acetone or ethyl acetate extracts from mycelial mats or culture broth of Ertrorium species. The acetone extract, eluted stepwise with benzene and ethyl acetate by silica gel column chromatography, gave fractions that were synergistic with Tot. However, the benzene fraction appeared better because it was highly soluble in oil and did not change the color and taste of the oil. The metabolites in the benzene fraction differed in the various Eurotium species in their composition in respect to known metabolites with antioxidative activity.
A 5-year-old girl had a caudal appendage and her left buttock was larger than the right buttock. X-ray examination revealed spina bifida and bony defect of sacrum; computed tomography demonstrated the extension of the tumor from subcutaneous tissue to the spinal canal. Histologically, the pseudotail contained lobulated fatty tissue which was consistent with lipoma. It emphasizes the fact that even lesions that are not situated in the median line should be carefully explored before excision.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.