In this paper, we propose a novel microfluidic tunable metamaterial (MM) absorber printed on a paper substrate in silver nanoparticle ink. The metamaterial is designed using a periodic array consisting of square patches. The conductive patterns are inkjet-printed on paper using silver nanoparticle inks. The microfluidic channels are laser-etched on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The conductive patterns on paper and the microfluidic channels on PMMA are bonded by an SU-8 layer that is also inkjet-printed on the conductive patterns. The proposed MM absorber provides frequency-tuning capability for different fluids in the microfluidic channels. We performed full-wave simulations and measurements that confirmed that the resonant frequency decreased from 4.42 GHz to 3.97 GHz after the injection of distilled water into the microfluidic channels. For both empty and water-filled channels, the absorptivity is higher than 90% at horizontal and vertical polarizations.
In this paper, a novel flexible inkjet-printed metamaterial absorber is proposed. The unit cell of the metamaterial is designed with a modified Jerusalem-cross ring resonator and is inkjet printed with silver nanoparticle ink on a flexible polymer film. All fabrication processes are performed using a commercial printer (EPSON WF-7011). The absorber's flexibility and absorption performance are demonstrated by measuring the absorption ratio after coating the proposed absorber on a cylindrical object with a radius of 4.56 cm. An absorption rate exceeding 99% is achieved at 9.21 GHz for both flat and cylindrical surfaces. In addition, the cylindrical model attains an absorption rate higher than 96% for all polarization angles, and a high absorption rate of 95% is preserved until the incident angle is less than 30þ.
A stretchable metamaterial absorber is proposed in this study. The stretchability was achieved by liquid metal and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). To inject liquid metal, microfluidic channels were fabricated using PDMS powers and microfluidic-channel frames, which were built using a three-dimensional printer. A top conductive pattern and ground plane were designed after considering the easy injection of liquid metal. The proposed metamaterial absorber comprises three layers of PDMS substrate. The top layer is for the top conductive pattern, and the bottom layer is for the meandered ground plane. Flat PDMS layers were inserted between the top and bottom PDMS layers. The measured absorptivity of the fabricated absorber was 97.8% at 18.5 GHz, and the absorption frequency increased from 18.5 to 18.65 GHz as the absorber was stretched from its original length (5.2 cm) to 6.4 cm.
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