Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 titania) hollow sphere was simply synthesized using various ionic liquids (ILs). The shape and size of TiO 2 particles were significantly different with the composition of ILs. This is mainly attributed to the interaction between organic solvent and IL at the interface leading to the formation of sphere. Among the binary ILs, [Bmim][BF 4 ] ? [Omim][PF 6 ], [Bmim][B-F 4 ] ? [Omim][PF 6 ], and [Bmim][PF 6 ] ? [Hmim][PF 6 ] were useful to prepare TiO 2 nanostructures with high surface area and anatase phase. Especially, [Bmim][B-F 4 ] ? [Omim][PF 6 ] was the most effective IL to synthesize an anatase TiO 2 hollow sphere.
Ceramic plasma-spray coatings with single and multiple layers have been applied to melting crucible material substrates for the development of a reusable crucible for the fabrication of metal fuel slugs for a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR). Various combinations of vacuum plasma-spray (VPS) coated specimens have been applied to investigate the bonding effect on the crucible substrate and the interaction between the metal fuel and the VPS-coated crucible substrate. All VPS-coated methods maintained a sound coating state after a dipping test with U-10 wt%Zr melt. A single coating of a Y 2 O 3 (150) layer and a double coating layer of TaC(50)-Y 2 O 3 (100) showed some degradation or penetration, respectively, after 2 cycles of dipping test with an aggressive U-10 wt%Zr-5 wt%RE melt. Injection castings of U-10 wt%Zr and U-10 wt%Zr-5 wt%RE fuel slugs were also conducted to investigate the feasibility of a reusable melting crucible of metal fuel slugs. The U-10 wt% Zr fuel slugs were soundly fabricated without significant interactions of the graphite crucibles; however, the U-10 wt%Zr-5 wt%RE fuel slugs had some degradation or penetration, respectively, after injection casting.
K E Y W O R D Sinjection casting, interaction, melting crucible, metal fuel, vacuum plasma-spray
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