an online international journal allowing free unlimited access to abstract and full-text of published articles. The journal is devoted to the promotion of health sciences and related disciplines (including medicine, pharmacy, nursing, biotechnology, cell and molecular biology, and related engineering fields). It seeks particularly (but not exclusively) to encourage multidisciplinary research and collaboration among scientists, the industry and the healthcare professionals. It will also provide an international forum for the communication and evaluation of data, methods and findings in health sciences and related disciplines. The journal welcomes original research papers, reviews and case reports on current topics of special interest and relevance. All manuscripts will be subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication) will be published without delay. The maximum length of manuscripts should normally be 10,000 words (20 single-spaced typewritten pages) for review, 6,000 words for research articles, 3,000 for technical notes, case reports, commentaries and short communications. Submission of Manuscript:The International Journal of Health Research uses a journal management software to allow authors track the changes to their submission. All manuscripts must be in MS Word and in English and should be submitted online at http://www.ijhr.org. Authors who do not want to submit online or cannot submit online should send their manuscript by e-mail attachment (in single file) to the editorial office below. Submission of a manuscript is an indication that the content has not been published or under consideration for publication elsewhere. Authors may submit the names of expert reviewers or those they do not want to review their papers. Enquirie Review Article Chronobiology and Chronotherapy of Hypertension -A Review AbstractHypertension occurs in over 90% of all patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States and it is a major risk factor for end-organ damage, CVD and death. In the treatment of hypertension, investigation of chronobiology, chronopharmacology and chronotherapy began a few decades ago. Studies over the last decade have revealed that blood pressure (BP) and CVD are influenced by our behaviour such as what we eat and even conditioned by the time of day. Also, the ability of the night: day ratio of systolic BP predicts the risk for cardiovascular events more accurately compared with office BP measured only at once. Evidence clearly points to the fact that nocturnal BP is indeed the BP as it is most consistently correlated with prediction of cardiovascular risk and provides more close surveillance of safety. Circadian rhythm is a significant input into the regulation of BP. Hence, a circadian disorder such as hypertension requires chronopharmacotherapy. However, different medications have been studied for their chronopharmacology and potential chronotherapy. This article reviews the chronobiology of hypertension, and the ...
T he electrostatic interaction between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes leads to formation of insoluble polyelectrolyte complexes in aqueous medium. The polyelectrolyte complexes formed between a polyacid and a polybase are little affected by the pH variation of the dissolution medium. In the present study attempts were made to prepare polyelectrolyte complexes of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (polybase) and carbopol (polyacid) into which diclofenac sodium is incorporated and studied for its controlled release. The polyelectrolyte complexation was evaluated by pH, conductivity, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray difractometry. The dried polyelectrolyte complexes were also evaluated for micromeritic properties and drug release kinetics. Selected PECs were compressed into tablets and compared with commercial SR product for drug release. The tablets showed comparable results with commercial SR product following zero-order release, and drug release is by erosion as well as the diffusion mechanism. Promising results were obtained suggesting the application of these polyelectrolyte complexes in the design of controlled release systems.
Introduction:The objective of the present formulation research is to deliver the drugs at a faster rate and to provide immediate onset of action in a shorter period of time with improved bioavailability. Materials and Methods: Ezetimibe, a gift sample from Lupin Ltd., Pune, Transcutol HP, a gift sample from Gattefosse India Pvt. Ltd., Goa., HPMC E5, HPMC E6, HPMC E15 are gift samples from Colorcon India Pvt. Ltd. Results and Discussion: Among prepared formulations coded E1 to E20, formulation E6 was shown promising results, hence further studies done without transcutol HP and documented clear results saying that, without transcutol HP has shown around 50% of drug even after 90 min of time, whereas within 10 min complete drug release observed with transcutol HP formulation. Conclusion: The study clearly indicated the influence of transcutol HP in enhancing the solubility of the poorly soluble drugs as the films made without transcutol HP failed to give the desired release characteristics within 10 min.
N iacin or nicotinic acid (NA) is used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. NA immediate release formulation shows undesirable effects like flushing of the face and neck parts. In the present study, NA floating sustained release dosage form was developed to prolong the drug release, to retain the drug delivery system above the site of absorption for the desired period of time, and to reduce the drug release rate compared to conventional formulations in order to minimize the side effects. The preformulation parameters such as flow properties and drug-excipient compatibility studies were performed. The drug excipient compatibility studies were performed using the FTIR study and the results showed that all the polymers used in the study are compatible with the pure drug. The floating sustained release tablets of niacin were prepared by the wet granulation method and the granules were evaluated for various micromeritic properties like bulk density, tapped density, Carr's Index, Hausner's ratio, and angle of repose. The tablets were evaluated for post-compressional parameters like average weight, thickness, hardness, friability, swelling index, floating lag time and total floating time, and in vitro drug release studies. All the formulations showed total floating time >20 hr. The concentration of the effervescent agent and the concentration and type of polymer showed an effect on the floating behavior and drug release. The formulation containing 13% sodium bicarbonate, HPMC (33%) and Eudragit RS PO (4%) showed required drug release up to 20 hr.
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