The number of dead in Indonesia in 2015 reached a high rate, were 305 per 100,000 live births. Maternal deaths that occur in Indonesia are caused by several factors, including long-standing or obstructed labour by 5%. Birth ball is a physical therapy ball that helps with labour and can be used in various positions. One of the exercises in birth ball is to sit on the ball by wiggling your pelvis and is considered to be able to provide comfort and speed up labour. The sitting position above the birth ball, is assumed to be similar to squatting open the pelvis so that it helps accelerate labour. The research method used was a quasiexperimental in two groups, namely the treatment group and the control group with 30 respondents each. Respondents in this study were physiologically pregnant women with a gestational age of more than 34 weeks. The results showed there were differences in the length of labour between the treatment group and the control group. The difference in duration of first stage of labour between the treatment group and the control group is shown by the p-value of 0.002 and RR 1.36. While the difference in the second-stage length in the treatment group compared with the control group is indicated by the p-value of 0.020 and RR 1.33. The conclusion of the study is that there was a significant difference in the length of labour in the first and second stages between the treatment group given birth ball exercises and the control group.
Land conversion and food security are two related aspects that should be part of managing the system of cities and their surrounding regions. Rapid land conversion in fertile soil can be caused by hardship to get continuous water supply for agricultural system, competition over development sectors, or limited income from agricultural sectors. This paper investigates what challenges should be countered by the rice farming in rapidly urbanized region and what strategies should be applied to overcome the challenge. The study uses case study method with Sragen District for macro level analysis, and Gondang and Sragen, two sub-districts in Sragen District for micro level analysis. Interviews, survey with questionnaire, and focus group discussion are conducted for data collection The results show that Sragen District is experiencing decreasing number of agricultural workforce and contribution of agricultural sector to its GRDP. Low productivity of agricultural sector, especially of rice farming, due to small plot of rice field, high production cost, and difficulty to maintain continuous water supply for irrigation due to competition over water for irrigation and domestic uses are among the problems encountered by farmers. More strict regulation regarding variation of water function and uses, by multi stakeholders, and subsidy for agricultural input are required to secure the sustainability of rice farming in urbanized region that in the end will affect the sustainability of food and agriculture.
The increasing level of water demand leads to higher pressure in the water irrigation system due to environmental degradation in watersheds and irrigation canals. Irrigation water management requires the involvement of stakeholders, including the government and farmers, as the water user association. Stakeholders are expected to be able to carry out their respective roles and be engaged in solving problems of proper irrigation water management. This paper uses a qualitative approach to stakeholders’ roles, challenges, and opportunities in irrigation water management in Karanganyar Regency. It aims to understand stakeholder engagement in irrigation water management. The data were collected by observation and interviews with stakeholders such as national irrigation commissions, provinces, local governments, and water user associations. The results show that there has been a clear division of roles and responsibilities among the stakeholders included in the irrigation commission. However, it is found that there is an asynchronous regulation in implementing irrigation water management at the national, provincial, and local levels. The lack of human resources is another obstacle faced in irrigation water management in Karanganyar Regency.
Drinking water is an aspect of development that has an essential function in supporting community welfare because it relates to health, social and economic conditions. Therefore, the urban water system needs good planning, design, and operational infrastructure. This paper aims to identify actors and their roles in the drinking water supply system in Indonesia. Analysis was carried out on laws and regulations related to drinking water through content analysis. The results showed that government capacity in building and administering drinking water supply system was still lacking. In addition, the government shared the responsibilities to enterprises, both owned by the government and by private institutions. Finally, it is necessary to equip and expand laws and regulations to provide drinking water distribution. The critical implication to stop the massive exploitation of groundwater for consumption includes the improvement of drinking water reliability by synergizing and integrating all attempts by various actors in providing drinking water.
Postpartum blues in postpartum mothers are often neglected and ignored so they are not diagnosed and are not cared for properly. If the postpartum blues cannot be recovered, this situation will be developing into postpartum depression and even postpartum psychosis. The rate of postpartum blues incidents in Indonesia is between 50-70% of postpartum women. 75% of them occurred in primiparous mothers. One of 10 women who have just delivered birth have a tendency to experience postpartum blues. Efforts that can be done to overcome the postpartum blues is to do light exercise with yoga gymnastic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of yoga gymnastic to reduce the incidence of postpartum blues in postpartum mothers. This research used a Quasi Experiment design study "Psssre-Post Test Only Control Group Design" with data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. A pre-test has been conducted in this research to see the incidence of postpartum blues, then, yoga exercise were given in the treatment group, while education was given in the control group. The Subjects were postpartum mothers of 7 th day until 14 th day post childbirth, amounting to 22 respondents in each group. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, whereas the data collection technique used was EPDS questionnaire. The results of the study were obtained clinically in the treatment group after the yoga gymnastic treatment was normal so that a significant result (p = <0.002) was given after the treatment between the pre-test and post-test groups in the treatment group. In Conclusion, yoga gymnastic have influence in the way that it is reducing the incidence of postpartum blues.
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