A kind of specific cyclodextrin polyrotaxanes (PRs) drug
delivery
system was developed for an effective drug delivery and enhancing
antitumor effect. In this work, we prepared the PR by using α-CD
derivatives and dicarboxyl-PEG (M
n = 4200)
self-assembling and end-capping with β-CD derivatives. Then,
we chose d-a-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate
(TPGS) with an antitumor effect to modify the PR. The modified PRs
have a certain anticancer effect and can assist the anticancer drug
to treat cancer. The 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) was combined to
the specific PRs by covalent bonds to prepare drug-loaded specificity
PRs (PR-TPGS-HCPT). The enhanced antitumor activities of PR-TPGS-HCPT
were studied by in vitro and in vivo experiments, and the experiment
results proved that the TPGS could effectively assist the drug to
treat cancer and prolong the lifetime of the tumor-bearing mice. Therefore,
this research provides a promising drug-loaded material for the cancer
treatment and the specific water-soluble PRs will have potential applications
in the biomedical field.
The pH/redox dual-sensitive fluorescent carbon dots (pHRCDs) with the fluorescence quantum yield of 16.97% were synthesized by the pyrolysis of L-glutamic acid (L-glu) and dopamine (DA). Compared with the quantum dot (QD)−dopamine conjugate, when the pH value of the solution was changed from neutral to alkaline, the pHRCDs exhibited unique optical phenomenon including red-shift of fluorescence peak and the fluorescence intensity first decreasing from pH 7 to 10 and then increasing from pH 10 to 13. The pHRCDs could be developed for a discriminative and highly sensitive dual-response fluorescent probe for the detection of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ascorbic acid (AA) activity in human blood. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the dual-response fluorescent probe can detect GSSG and AA in the linear range of 1.2−3.6 and 27−35 μM with the detection limits of 0.1 and 3.1 μM, respectively. In addition, the pHRCDs demonstrated low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, which can be well applied to in vitro cell imaging, and the pHRCDs/GSH fluorescence system has been successfully developed for the detection of AA in real samples.
Various polydopamine (PDA) nanospheres were synthesized by utilizing triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB) as soft templates. Precise morphology control of polydopamine nanospheres was realized from solid polydopamine nanospheres to hollow polydopamine nanospheres, mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres and hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres (H-MPDANSs) by adjusting the weight ratio of TMB to F127. The inner diameter of the prepared H-MPDANSs can be controlled in the range of 50–100 nm, and the outer diameter is about 180 nm. Furthermore, the thickness of hollow mesoporous spherical shell can be adjusted by changing the amount of dopamine (DA). The H-MPDANSs have good biocompatibility, excellent photothermal properties, high drug loading capacity, and outstanding sustainable drug release properties. In addition, both NIR laser irradiation and acid pH can facilitate the controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX) from H-MPDANSs@DOX.
Reactive oxygen species-mediated therapeutic strategies,
including
chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), have exhibited
translational promise for effective cancer management. However, monotherapy
often ends up with the incomplete elimination of the entire tumor
due to inherent limitations. Herein, we report a core–shell-structured
Pd1.7Bi@CeO2-ICG (PBCI) nanoplatform constructed
by a facile and effective strategy for synergistic CDT, PDT, and photothermal
therapy. In the system, both Pd1.7Bi and CeO2 constituents exhibit peroxidase- and catalase-like characteristics,
which not only generate cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for CDT but also produce O2 in situ and relieve tumor
hypoxia for enhanced PDT. Furthermore, upon 808 nm laser irradiation,
Pd1.7Bi@CeO2 and indocyanine green (ICG) coordinately
prompt favorable photothermia, resulting in thermodynamically amplified
catalytic activities. Meanwhile, PBCI is a contrast agent for near-infrared
fluorescence imaging to determine the optimal laser therapeutic window
in vivo. Consequently, effective tumor elimination was realized through
the above-combined functions. The as-synthesized unitary PBCI theranostic
nanoplatform represents a potential one-size-fits-all approach in
multimodal synergistic therapy of hypoxic tumors.
Combined
therapy system has become an efficient strategy to overcome drug resistance
and strengthen therapeutic effects. Herein, an efficient NIR-/pH-triggered
dual-drug-loaded nanoplatform was designed for combined chemo-photothermal
therapy. The hydrophobic anticancer drug bortezomib (BTZ) was first
loaded in mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres (MPDAs) through the
acid-sensitive borate ester bond. Afterward, pH-responsive carboxymethyl
chitosan (CMCS) conjugated on the surface of MPDA could capture another
anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and exhibited controlled release
behavior in an acidic tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, under NIR
laser irradiation, hyperthermia produced by the photothermal conversion
agent MPDA could efficiently ablate cancer cells and further promote
drug release. In vitro and in vivo experiments emphasized that the
synthesized MPDA-BTZ@CMCS-DOX nanostructure exhibited efficient accumulation
in the tumor site, resulting in sustained release of BTZ and DOX and
realizing NIR-/pH-triggered chemotherapy and photothermal synergistic
ablation of cancer.
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