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Background: Long operation duration (>4 hours’ anesthesia) of laparotomy in elderly patients would increase the risk of postoperative delirium (POD), which is characterized by acute cognitive dysfunction, changes in the level of consciousness, obvious attention disorder, emotional disorder, and sleep-waking cycle disorder. The occurrence of POD is closely related to the risk of death, and it will also seriously affect the cognitive function of patients, prolong postoperative hospital stays, and increase medical expenses. It is known that dexmetomidine could function in sedation, analgesia and anti-sympathetic effect, and it also could simulate the normal sleep state of human body, but there is still a lack of clinical study of dexmedetomidine on the incidence of POD in elderly patients undergoing long-term general anesthesia in laparotomy. Methods: This is a single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled study. With the approval of the Ethics Committee of Chongqing Shapingba District People's Hospital, participants who meet the requirements will be randomly divided into the treatment group (continuous infusion of dexmetomidine) and the control group (continuous infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride solution) in a ratio of 1:1. The incidence of delirium, cognitive function score, inflammatory factors, and adverse reactions will be evaluated after the operation. Finally, the data will be analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Conclusion: The results of this study will explore the efficacy and safety of dexmetomidine in reducing the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing long-term general anesthesia in laparotomy. Trial registration: OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/2GJY6

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With the vigorous development of the global economy, the demand for electricity quality from all walks of life is also increasing, so it is essential to ensure the electric power grid’s safe, stable, and efficient operation. Multi-source electric power information fusion, as the core technology of electric power grid data processing, has become the foundation to promote the intelligent and automatic development of the electric power grid. This paper presents the first work on the survey of the methods of electricity information fusion. It first gives an overview of the process of electricity information fusion and shows the types of electricity data. Then, we provide different classifications of existing methods in view of communication annotation and electric power data, and conduct a thorough comparison and analysis of them. Moreover, we introduce the relevant data sets and evaluation criteria of electric power information and summarize the corresponding evaluation scenarios. Finally, we conclude the maturity of existing works and provide an outlook on future multi-source electric power information fusion methods.

A relatively high-molecule, formaldehyde-free, and halogen-free ammonium salt of tripolyphosphoric acid (ATPPA) was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of ATPPA treated cotton with 22.54% weight gain was 47.3%, decreasing to 33.2% after 50 laundering cycles (LCs), which still could meet the standard of flame retardancy. This showed that ATPPA could enhance the flame retardancy of cotton fabric efficaciously, and the treated cotton had excellent durability. Combining durability and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the data suggested that the hydroxyl groups on cotton fibers reacted with ATPPA to form P-O-C covalent bonds. Surface electron morphology (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that ATPPA had almost no influence on the structure of the cotton fabrics. Cone calorimetry and thermogravimetry (TG) analyses indicated that ATPPA significantly reduced heat release and promoted the formation of a char layer in the cotton fabrics. The ATPPA-treated cotton fabrics also retained excellent hand feeling.