ABSTRACT. Medical and racing records of 155 Thoroughbred racehorses that underwent arthroscopic surgery for carpal chip fractures were investigated. Articular damage for 98.4% of the fractures was classified as G1 or G2 using McIlwraith's criteria. The rate of return to racing after surgery was 82.6%. Evaluation of racing performance after surgery was attempted using a placing index (PI) based on race finish position. There was no significant difference in the PI distribution between horses that underwent surgery and other healthy horses.KEY WORDS: arthroscopic surgery, racehorse, survey.
Fortified cooked meat medium containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3‐FCM) supported toxin production of a strain of Clostridium botulinum type C to a level of 2 × 106 mouse i.p. LD50/ml. C1 toxin was purified by sequential steps of acid precipitation from 5‐fold diluted culture supernatant in the presence of RNA, 2nd acid precipitation by dialysis, removal of RNA by protamine treatment, removal of excess protamine and bufferisation by ultrafiltration through Amicon PM‐30 membrane, sulphopropyl‐Sephadex chromatography, and Sephadex G‐200 gel filtration. By these procedures, 25 mg or more of highly purified C1 toxin was constantly obtained from a lot of 600‐ml culture.
To clarify the microbiological causes of dermatosis in racehorses, clinical samples were collected from the skin lesions of dermatosis in racehorses and cultured. Trichophyton equinum was isolated purely from 26 of 87 racehorses (29.9%) and Microsporum equinum from 3 of 87 (3.4%). Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated predominantly from 22 racehorses (25.3%) and Staphylococcus aureus from 21 (24.1%) in cases except dermatophytosis. S. hyicus was most frequently isolated from the skin regions in contact with a harness in large amounts of sweat, suggesting secondary infection to eczema. S. aureus was isolated predominantly from most of the skin lesions of dermatosis with scabs in the white areas of the fetlocks and pasterns. Thus, S. aureus was considered to play an important role in this dermatosis. The present study suggests that two kinds of dermatophytes and two kinds of Staphylococcus are important as causal pathogens of infectious dermatosis in racehorses.
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