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The aim of this paper is to determine the extent of ESG reporting and to determine the nature and type of ESG indicators used to report ESG disclosures of listed mining sector companies in Australia. The study was conducted with secondary data collected from integrated or sustainability reports of Top 100 Companies in the Diversified Metal and Mining Sector for the year 2013. A pilot study was conducted with 12 companies which were top end of market capitalisation and compared with total of 30 companies. Findings revealed that majority of the companies had a sustainability report and the trend is towards integrated reporting and majority of the companies at the top end of market capitalisation reported on non-financial disclosures. However, the measures used for environmental and social indicators is an issue because the same indicator was measured differently by companies even in the same industry, whereas, indicators used for governance was of regulatory nature and was comparable. This study showed that there is a clear need for uniform measures to report ESG indicator.

Public and academic discussion on corporate governance and its related issues are clearly visible in any country with active capital markets. This suggests that good governance is a crucial factor for ensuring economic development. However, few studies can be found relating to non-listed or smaller firms. With the aim of contributing to this knowledge gap, this study reviewed the literature specific to corporate governance in family business in an emerging market, Sri Lanka, a small developing country with average lower middle income. The development of corporate governance best practices in Sri Lanka has been strongly affected by British models and systems, which derive from the Anglo-Saxon model of corporate governance. However, previous researchers who found that ownership of many listed companies was concentrated mainly in individual shareholders or a family concluded that family business in Sri Lanka is very critical to the economic development of the country. This study presents a review of non-listed and small to medium family business, and their two-tier mechanism of governing.

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