Self-help by means of dietary interventions can help in management of various disorders including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a debilitating autoimmune disease. Dietary interventions necessitate a widespread appeal for both patients as well as clinicians due to factors including affordability, accessibility, and presence of scientific evidences that demonstrate substantial benefits in reducing disease symptoms such as pain, joint stiffness, swelling, tenderness and associated disability with disease progression. However, there is still an uncertainty among the community about the therapeutic benefits of dietary manipulations for RA. In the present review, we provide an account of different diets and their possible molecular mechanism of actions inducing observed therapeutic benefits for remission and management of RA. We further indicate food that can be a potential aggravating factor for the disease or may help in symptomatic relief. We thereafter summarize and thereby discuss various diets and food which help in reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines in RA patients that may play an effective role in management of RA following proper patient awareness. We thus would like to promote diet management as a tool that can both supplement and complement present treatment strategies for a better patient health and recovery.

Gaining interests and expediency of precision medicine for various diseases has led to the search for non invasive techniques like liquid biopsies involving study of circulating cell free DNA (cfDNA) for diagnostic as well as prognostic applications. Present study reports that cfDNA in plasma of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis are fragmented, modified and hence remain undetected using qPCR, the commonly used analytical assay. They are immunogenic to peripheral blood cells and stimulate them to secrete TNF‐α, a pro‐inflammatory cytokine making it imperative to detect cfDNA in patients for an effective therapeutic intervention. Hereby a non‐invasive colorimetric assay for naked eye discernment of cfDNA using gold nanoparticles is proposed which is potent in detecting long and short cfDNA fragments from small amount of blood, is inexpensive, label free, easy to perform and allows visual detection. This can be further explored to assess its diagnostic and prognostics implications in various human disorders.

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An endophytic bacterial strain was isolated from kimchi, a Korean traditional fermented Brassica campestris and identified as Bacillus subtilis MJMP2 based on the 16S rRNA sequence. This strain showed strong antagonistic activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) KACC10331, the pathogen of bacterial rice blight disease, as well as activity against some other rice phytopathogenic fungi. The active compound was purified through size-exclusion chromatography and preparative High-performance liquid chromatography. The molecular weight was determined as m/z 1043 by mass spectroscopy, which is identical to that of iturin A. Furthermore, a crude extract from the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis MJMP2 showed inhibitory activity against rice blight disease in both a rice leaf explant assay and a pot assay. The crude extract also enhanced the length of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. These results suggest that the strain Bacillus subtilis MJMP2 could be used as a biological agent to control rice blight disease.

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