<p class="1Body">Up-to-date science and technology requires further development and wide introduction of new high- performance processes to produce refractory metals. These may include plasma chemical technology of high dispersed powders production. Practical implementation of plasma chemical method in producing and processing of high dispersed powders is in its initial stage. Along with this at the present time the demand for processing of structural materials with improved physical and mechanical properties is now steadily increasing. Such materials have low machinability due to high hardness and durability at high temperatures which results in heavy wear of a cutting tool. To improve the efficiency when processing hard-to-cut materials it is necessary to enhance the tool’s durability; this can be provided by application of new grades of hard alloys received from tungsten nanopowders. New alloy, obtained by the new developed technology, has higher degree of hardness and wear resistance compared with existing alloys and will be intended for hard materials processing.</p>
In the article provided the results of studies the optimization of energy-saving technologies in mechanical engineering using modern methods of simulation modeling is becoming an urgent area for the informatization of engineering production on the process of cold asymmetric rolling of metal sheets is accompanied by an inhomogeneous stress-strain state. The research considers the noncanonical areas of strain, an approach is proposed for determining the optimal technological parameters and studying the stress state of the cold rolling process using asymmetric rolling technology in the active zone of elastoplastic strains based on simulation using the application software LS-DYNA by LS-PrePost (R) version V4.6.1. To optimize energy-saving for rolling technologies, considered a stationary regime of symmetrical rolling, the kinetic energy does not change over time, and the potential energy in the active zone of elastic-plastic strains tends to increase. For the case of asymmetric rolling, a high level of kinetic energy is observed, and there is a fluctuation over time, explained by different coverage of asymmetric rollers in the zone of active elastic-plastic strains, as a result of which the stationary nature of the metal sheet rolling mode is violated.
The article provided the results of studies to improve the design of a machine for potato sorting, the working surface of which consists of belts at different speeds. The aim of the work is to increase the accuracy of potato sorting according to their external dimensions, without damage. Using theoretical, one-factor, and multi-factor experiments and experiments in production conditions, the following optimal parameters of the improved patented machine for sorting potato were established: - the speed of a slow-moving belt of 0.4 m/s; - the speed of a fast-moving belt 0.6 m/s; - the angle between adjacent belts 0.46′26. With these values of the factors, the accuracy of the criteria of the sorting machine is 95%. An experimental model of the machine tested on the fields of farms of the Ferghana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the process of potato sorting, it was revealed that the indicator of damage to potato in the course of the experiments did not exceed 0.5%. It was found that to achieve 95% accuracy of sorting, at a feed speed of potato heap onto the belt surface of the machine 4.5 kg per second, the angle between the belts should be 0.46′26, the speed of the slow-moving belt should be 0.4 m/s and the speed of the second should be 0.6 m/s.
The transporting and feeding devices of technological machines have to ensure the transportation and supply of any sheet material, including leather semi-finished product without folds, into the working area of the rolling pair. In the transition section between the feed conveyor and the roll pair, when there is an insufficient friction between the sheet material and the surface of the lower work roll, problems may arise, i.e. accumulation, twisting or retention of sheet material will occur. To prevent such cases, it is recommended to use the guide surface of the processed leather semi-finished product in the processing zone, which provides a smooth transition of the leather semi-finished product to the contact area of the roll pair. The paper presents theoretical preconditions for determining the type (shape) of the guide surface of a flat material into the processing zone. The problem of smooth supply of flat material to the processing zone of the roll pair has been solved. To solve the problem of smooth feeding of the flat material into the processing zone of the roll pair, by selecting the curve of the guide surface, differential equations of material motion are finalised. By the numerical method Graphic dependences is derived that allow depending on the initial parameters of the machine and the leather semi-finished product determining the required parameters of the guide surface of conveying device, providing a smooth supply of flat material into the processing zone of the working roll pair.
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