Background The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a frequently used scale to evaluate eating behaviors and attitudes. In recent years, its use has increased due to the fact that the use of short forms is more practical. The aim of this study was to validate the short Turkish form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) including 13 items. Methods The study included 924 adults at a mean age of 30.3 ± 10.93 years. EDEQ-13 was translated and adapted to Turkish according to the Beaton Guidelines. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) were used to analyze their relationships to EDE-Q-13. Results In this study, the rate of the total variance explained by the factors of EDE-Q-13 according to the Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) results of the scale was 83.54%. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.89, and the Cronbach's alpha values of the 5 subscales were calculated in the range of 0.75–0.94. The criterion validity analysis showed an acceptable correlation between EDE-Q-13 and EAT-26, SWLS, and BAS. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the model had fit values that were acceptable or good. Conclusion Both EFA and CFA results showed that it is appropriate to use the Turkish EDE-Q-13. EDE-Q-13 was significantly correlated with eating disturbances, body appreciation, and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the Turkish version of EDE-Q-13 possesses high levels of validity and reliability.
The present study aimed to investigate the microbiological quality of powdered infant formulas on sale in Turkey and to assess the compliance of the preparation instructions recommended by the formula companies with the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). In the study, 36 powdered infant formulas belonging to 10 different companies were analysed regarding the presence of Cronobacter sakazakii, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, coliform and faecal coliform, mould-yeast, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria counts. C. sakazakii was detected in two of the examined formula samples. At various levels, B. cereus in nine, S. auerus in four, coliform bacteria in 10 and faecal coliform bacteria in eight of the formula samples were found and these identified values were discovered above the legal limits. When the compliance of the preparation instructions recommended by the formula companies with the WHO guidelines was evaluated, the instruction requiring the water temperature to be >70°C, which is critical in the control of C. sakazakii, was not included in the preparation instructions of any formula companies. Although the microbiological quality of the formulas was determined by the legal limits, it was observed that the targeted microbiological quality could not be reached in some of the examined formula samples and the instructions prepared by the companies may not be adequate for the food safety.
Background: The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a frequently used scale to evaluate eating behaviors and attitudes. In recent years, its use has increased due to the fact that the use of short forms is more practical. The aim of this study was to validate the short Turkish form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).Methods: The study included 924 adults at a mean age of 30.3±10.93 years. EDEQ-13 was translated and adapted to Turkish according to the Beaton guideline. The Eating Attitudes Test - 26 (EAT-26), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) were used to analyze their relationships with EDE-Q-13. Results: In this study, the rate of the total variance explained by the factors of EDE-Q-13 according to the Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) results of the scale was 83.545%. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale was 0.897, and the Cronbach's alpha values of the 5 subscales were calculated in the range of 0.758-0.942. Criterion validity showed an acceptable correlation between the EAT-26, SWLS and BAS. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed that the model obtained was within goodness-of-fit and acceptable -of-fit indexConclusion: Both EFA and CFA results showed that it is appropriate to use the Turkish EDE-Q-13. EDE-Q-13 was significantly correlated with eating disturbances, body appreciation, and life satisfaction. In conclusion, the Turkish version of EDE-Q-13 possesses high levels of validity and reliability.
Tokat, tarihsel geçmişiyle birlikte oldukça zengin bir mutfak ve beslenme kültürüne sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, Tokat yöresel yemeklerinden bazılarının enerji ve besin ögesi değerleri analiz edilerek hem yerel halkın hem de şehri ziyarete gelen misafirlerin besin seçimleri ve sağlıklı beslenme konusunda farkındalığının arttırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada Tokat mutfağına ait Tokat kebabı, keşkek, madımak, bakla dolması, cevizli bat, Tokat çöreği ve erik çiri yemeklerinin enerji ve besin ögeleri Beslenme Bilgi Sistemi (BeBiS) 9 bilgisayar programında analiz edilmiştir. Analiz edilen yemeklerin yaklaşık 1 porsiyonunun enerji değeri Tokat kebabı, keşkek, madımak, bakla dolması, cevizli bat, Tokat çöreği ve erik çiri için sırasıyla 763,4; 355,3; 265,8; 279,3; 221,6, 439,4 ve 252,1 kaloridir. Tokat mutfağında etin yanı sıra sebzelerin ve kurubaklagillerin yaygın kullanımı yemeklerin besin değerini artırmaktadır. Bu ve benzeri çalışmaların yapılmasının yöresel yemeklerin sadece lezzet boyutunun değil besin ögesi ve sağlık ile olan ilişkisinin anlaşılması açısından faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
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