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Abstract. Wireless sensor networks are useful for monitoring physical parameters and detecting objects or substances in an area. Most ongoing research consider the use of stationary sensors or controlled mobile sensors, which incur substantial equipment costs and coordination efforts. Alternatively, this paper considers using uncoordinated mobile nodes, who is not directed for any specific sensing activity. Each node independently observes a cross section of the field along its own path. The limited observation can be extended via information exchange among nodes coming across each other. For this model, the inherently noisy mobile measurements, incomplete individual observations, different sensing objectives, and collaboration policies must be addressed. The paper proposes a design framework for uncoordinated mobile sensing and one sensing approach based on profile estimation for target detection, field estimation, and edge detection. With simulations, we study its strengths and tradeoffs with stationary and controlled mobile approaches.

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Water resources are under unprecedented strain. The combined effects of population growth, climate change, and rural industrialization have led to greater demand for an increasingly scarce resource. Ensuring that communities have adequate access to water—an essential requirement for community health and prosperity—requires finegrained management policies based on real-time in situ data, both environmental and hydrological. To address this requirement at the state level, we have developed the South Carolina Digital Watershed, an end-to-end system for monitoring water resources. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of the core system components: (i) in situ sensing hardware, (ii) collection and uplink facilities, (iii) data streaming middleware, and (iv) back-end repository and presentation services. We conclude by discussing key organizational and technical challenges encountered during the development process.