This experiment reports the physicochemical characterization of cellulase produced by Kurthia gibsonii CAC1 isolated from cassava dumpsites in Ibadan, Nigeria. Lineweaver-Burk plot of cellulase activities of K.gibsonii CAC1 was examined with K max and V max of the enzyme assayed. At optimal pH of 5.0, 10% increase in enzymatic activities was observed. The enzymatic activities of K. gibsonii CAC1 were optimal at 30 o C and were still stable at 60 o C with 50% reduction in cellulase activities. Cellulase activities of K. Gibsonii CAC1 showed significant difference (p≥0.05) with the different cations used. There was no significant difference (p≤0.05) observed with increased concentrations (p≤0.05) using two-way ANOVA. Ca 2+ highly enhanced the cellulase activities of K.gibsonii CAC1 by 60% at 10mM. Highest inhibition by Hg 2+ was observed at 20mM with 50% inhibition. At increasing concentration of the inhibitors, there was no significant difference (p≤0.05) in cellulase activities; although the effect of each inhibitor on the enzymatic activity was significantly different (p≥0.05). Benzoic acid gave the highest inhibition of the cellulase activities in K. gibsonii CAC1 by 30% at 20mM, while Ethylene diamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) boosted the enzymatic activities by 10% at 10mM. There was a significant difference (p≥0.05) in the effect of different surfactants on the enzymatic activity but no significant difference (p≤0.05) with the concentration of the surfactants on cellulase activity. Enzymatic activities of the bacterium were enhanced by Polyoxyethylenesorbitan mono-oleate (Tween 80) with a boost of 50%. Increasing the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Polyethylene glycol pisooctylphenylether (Trition X-100) caused a 70% increase in cellulase activities. Cellulase of K. gibsonii CAC1 had K max of 7.4 X 10-2 mg/ml and V max of 6.7 X 10-1 µg/sec.The cellulase described in this work have many properties that are similar to those obtained from other microbial sources and may be useful for various industrial applications.
This study is designed to investigate cellulolytic bacteria capable of removing cellulolytic wastes that are produced from cassava during processing. Cellulolytic bacteria isolates from cassava dumpsite soil in Ibadan, Nigeria were characterized and their optimal culture conditions determined. The total viable bacterial count of the sample of cassava dumpsite soil was 24.4 x 10 8 cfu/g. A total of twenty four bacteria were isolated from the samples out of which nine of the bacterial isolates were positive for cellulose degrading abilities. The 16S rDNA analysis of two bacterial isolates which gave the highest zones of hydrolysis on carboxy-methyl cellulose agar plates showed maximum similarity ratio towards strains of Kurthia gibsonii (90%) and Myroides odoratimimus (98%) using BLAST and hence the isolates were referred to as Kurthia gibsonii CAC1 and Myroides odoratimimus CAC2 respectively. Kurthia gibsonii CAC1 which was motile, aerobic, rod-shaped, nonpigmented and possessing a Gram positive reaction grew best at incubation temperature of 30 o C, pH 5.5 and on lactose and ammonium chloride supplemented medium. Also, at incubation temperature of 30°C there was enhanced growth of a light yellowish, non-motile, aerobic, and rod-shaped Gram negative M. odoratimimus CAC2 at pH 6.0. Lactose and urea were best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively in the growth medium boosting the bacterial proliferation. It can be concluded that these microorganisms if properly cultivated can be used to reduce cassava waste littering in the environment.
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