In order to correctly model the behaviour of a building under load, it is necessary to take into account the displacement of the subsoil under the foundations. The subsoil is a material with typically non-linear behaviour. This paper presents an example of the modelling of a tall, 14-storey, building located in Lublin. The building was constructed on loess subsoil, with the use of a base slab. The subsoil lying directly beneath the foundations was described using the Modified Cam-Clay model, while the linear elastic perfectly plastic model with the Coulomb-Mohr failure criterion was used for the deeper subsoil. The parameters of the subsoil model were derived on the basis of the results of CPT soundings and laboratory oedometer tests. In numerical FEM analyses, the floors of the building were added in subsequent calculation steps, simulating the actual process of building construction. The results of the calculations involved the displacements taken in the subsequent calculation steps, which were compared with the displacements of 14 geodetic benchmarks placed in the slab.
The paper presents an analysis of the results of tests carried out on loess subsoil in the Lublin region, classifi ed geotechnically according to PN-86/B-02480:1986 and PN-EN ISO 14688-1:2006 as silt, sandy silt and silty sands. In the field, over 300 CPT/CPTU with electric and mechanical cones tests were performed, testing a total of about 2,700 lm of the loess profile. In several places, comparative tests of the probing resistances obtained with different cones were carried out. In selected places, holes were drilled directly at the penetrometer tests and samples were taken for the laboratory tests. Moisture, consistency limits were determined in the laboratory. In addition, the strength parameters (angle of internal friction and cohesion) and deformation parameters (oedometer modules) were analyzed. The obtained results were also compared with the literature data and the results of tests carried out commercially for design purposes.
W pracy przedstawiono porównanie wyników badań laboratoryjnych konsystencji gruntów lessowych Lublina z wynikami badań otrzymanych w wyniku sondowań statycznych CPT. Wyznaczone wartości stopni plastyczności porównano z wartościami oszacowanymi z sondowań na podstawie interpretacji z różnych źródeł bibliograficznych. Dodatkowo wyprowadzono własną formułę interpretacyjną. Stwierdzono, że dla podłoża lessowego jako kryterium wydzielenia geotechnicznego odpowiednie jest przyjęcie parametru wiodącego w postaci wartości qc, a nie IL, które najczęściej jest oznaczane dla gruntów spoistych. Przez wzgląd na możliwość uzyskania bardziej miarodajnych parametrów determinujących nośność podłoża istotne jest rozpoznanie zależności pomiędzy określonymi parametrami.
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