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Background A large body of research has focused on fluoroquinolones. It was shown that this class of synthetic antibiotics could possess antiviral activity as a broad range of anti-infective activities. Based on these findings, we have undertaken in silico molecular docking study to demonstrate, for the first time, the principle for the potential evidence pointing ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin ability to interact with COVID-19 Main Protease. Methods In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics techniques were applied to assess the potential for ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin interaction with COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro). Chloroquine and nelfinavir were used as positive controls. Results We revealed that the tested antibiotics exert strong capacity for binding to COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro). According to the results obtained from the GOLD docking program, ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin bind to the protein active site more strongly than the native ligand. When comparing with positive controls, a detailed analysis of the ligand–protein interactions shows that the tested fluoroquinolones exert a greater number of protein interactions than chloroquine and nelfinavir. Moreover, lower binding energy values obtained from KDEEP program were stated when compared to nelfinavir. Conclusions Here, we have demonstrated for the first time that ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin may interact with COVID-19 Main Protease (Mpro).

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A series of N1-azinylsulfonyl-3-(1,2,3,6,tetrahyrdopyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole derivatives was designed to obtain highly potent 5-HT 6 receptor ligands. The study allowed for the identification of 25 (4-{[5-methoxy-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl]sulfonyl}isoquinoline), a potent and selective 5-HT 6 receptor antagonist. The selected compound, was evaluated in vivo in a novel object recognition (NOR) and forced swim (FST) tests in rats, demonstrating distinct pro-cognitive and antidepressant-like properties (MED = 1 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg, i.p., respectively). Compound SB-742457, used as comparator, reversed memory deficits in NOR task in similar doses, while in FST it was active in 10−30-fold higher dose (3 mg/kg). In contrast to SB-742457, which was active in Vogel test (MED = 3 mg/kg), compound 25 displayed no anxiolytic activity.