The article presents a new solution of child-resistant systems to improve the safety of children transported in motor vehicles subjected to a side impact during a vehicle crash. The proposed concept works by means of implementation of an energy dissipation mechanism acting between a child restraint system anchorage and a restraint system seat. The effectiveness of the proposed system is evaluated using numerical analyses of a simplified basic model as well as more complex mechanical design of the mechanism. The latter is analyzed as a part of the child restraint system (CRS) together with a deformable model of an anthropomorphic test device of Q3 series. Tests outcomes clearly show a positive effect of application of the proposed energy dissipation system resulting in reduction of head and thorax acceleration and influencing a lower factor (index) of the head injury criteria. The presented solution shows that there is still a room for improvement of young passengers safety.
High strain rate experimental tests are essential in a development process of materials under strongly dynamic conditions. For such a dynamic loading the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) has been widely used to investigate dynamic behaviour of various materials. It was found that for different materials various shapes of a generated wave are desired. This paper presents a parametric study of Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar in order to find striker’s design variables, which influence the pulse peak shape in the incident bar. With experimental data given it was possible to verify the developed numerical model, which was used for presented investigations. Dynamic numerical simulations were performed using explicit LS-Dyna code with a quasi-optimization process carried out using LS-Opt software in order to find striker’s design variables, which influence the pulse peak shape.
a b s t r a c tThis paper presents a series of estimations performed in order to establish the actual cost-effectiveness of three different small wind turbines (SWTs) design solutions. Each of them was evaluated and based on their power curves and installation costs, using wind data from a numerical weather prediction (WNP) model, a return on investment (ROI) period was calculated. The chosen turbines are: a standard three bladed horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), an advanced diffuser augmented HAWT and a Darrieus type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). The conclusions drawn from this study entertain the idea that from the economical point of view, a price reduction of SWT systems is more important than aerodynamic complexity and efficiency.
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