Experiments linking neonicotinoids and declining bee health have been criticized for not simulating realistic exposure. Here we quantified the duration and magnitude of neonicotinoid exposure in Canada's corn-growing regions and used these data to design realistic experiments to investigate the effect of such insecticides on honey bees. Colonies near corn were naturally exposed to neonicotinoids for up to 4 months-the majority of the honey bee's active season. Realistic experiments showed that neonicotinoids increased worker mortality and were associated with declines in social immunity and increased queenlessness over time. We also discovered that the acute toxicity of neonicotinoids to honey bees doubles in the presence of a commonly encountered fungicide. Our work demonstrates that field-realistic exposure to neonicotinoids can reduce honey bee health in corn-growing regions.

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Hydrothermal method for the synthesis of hematite (α‐Fe2O3) has been done at 120 °C. Morphological study reveals the formation of spherical nanoparticles of average size ∼10 nm. The prepared electrode (Fe2O3 dropcosted over graphite sheet) used as a working electrode for the oxygen evolution reaction in 1 M KOH. The linear sweep voltammetry confirms that the as‐prepared electrode requires 340 mV potential to reach a current density of 1 mA/cm2 and 510 mV potential for 10 mA/cm2. Further, the kinetics of electrocatalyst has been investigated using Tafel slope, mass activity and Turn over frequency.

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The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202201138.