Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are still a main health problem all over the world, both in developed and developing countries. Individual who are at high risk of having free sex who is at risk of getting STI is in street children. Objective: To describe knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors regarding STIs among street children in Medan. Methods: this research is a descriptive surveillance study with a cross-sectional method involving 61 street children aged 6-18 years as respondents in Medan. Data of this research are collected by filling the questionnaire through direct interviews with respondents. The validity instruments tested by using validity construct test and reliability instrument tested by using Cronbach Alpha. Results: All respondents were not fully aware of STIs. The majority (55,7%) had a poor knowledge, 29,5% had a moderate knowledge, and only 14,8% had a good knowledge. 30 respondents (49,2%) indicate a poor attitude regarding STIs, 19 respondents (31,1%) indicate a moderate attitude and 12 respondents (19,7%) indicate a good attitude. We also found majority 52.5% had a high risk behavior, 32,7% had a moderate risk behavior and only 14,8% had a low risk behavior. Conclusion: Generally, street children had a poor knowledge, attitude and had a high risk behavior regarding STIs. .
BACKGROUND:To establish the diagnosis of leprosy accurately, additional examination such as serologic examination with ELISA is required. There are considerations about taking a blood sample from the earlobe region.AIM:To determine the differences in IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe capillary and median cubital vein blood sample in leprosy patients.METHODS:An observational analytic study using a cross-sectional study involving 30 patients with leprosy. ELISA examination of earlobe blood samples with filter paper, and the median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper and conventional methods were performed to determine IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels.RESULTS:The mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from earlobe blood samples with filter paper (1476.62 μ/ml) was relatively similar with median cubital vein blood samples with conventional method (1476.77 μ/ml), but the mean value of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody levels from median cubital vein blood samples with filter paper (1210.37 μ/ml) was lower from other methods. However, there was no statistically significant difference between them.CONCLUSION:There are no significant differences between the mean levels of IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody from earlobe and the median cubital vein blood samples.
Background: Syphilis and HIV infection have similar ways of transmission, therefore these infections can affect similar patient groups and co-infection is common. Street children are very susceptible to sexual transmitted infection and HIV due to their lack of protection and care from their parents and also they often use addictive substances. Aim: To find out the profile of syphilis and HIV infection in street children at home shelter of social services in Medan. Subject and method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 50 street children at home shelter of social services in Medan. We did serologic examinations (VDRL/TPHA and HIV) to all of the subjects. Results: In this study, from 50 subjects, most of them were 14 – 18 years old (86.0%), male (98.0%) with the highest level of education was junior high school (52.0%). There were three children (6.0%) with syphilis, all of them were 14 – 18 years old, males with the highest level of education was junior high school. Five children (10.0%) were positive HIV, all of them were males and 14 – 18 years old. There was one child (2.0%) with syphilis and HIV co-infection. Conclusion: Most of street children in home shelter of social services in Medan were 14 – 18 years old, male, with the highest level of education was junior high school. Proportion of syphilis in this study was 6.0% and HIV 10.0%. Syphilis and HIV co-infection was found 2.0% in this study.
Pendahuluan : Giant kondiloma akuminata sering dikaitkan dengan HPV tipe 6 dan 11, namun memiliki perbedaan dengan kondiloma anal pada umumnya, seperti papilomatosis yang berbatas tegas, akantosis, rete ridges yang memanjang, dan meningkatnya aktivitas mitosis. Kasus: Pria, umur 33 tahun, dengan keluhan muncul benjolan yang menyerupai kembang kol di sekitar lubang dubur yang terasa gatal sejak 1 tahun yang lalu. Pemeriksaan status venereologis didapatkan nodul vegetasi, berukuran 8x5x1 cm3, multipel, berbentuk seperti kembang kol, permukaan verokosa, batas tegas, berkelompok, konsistensi padat, warna hiperpigmentasi, tidak dapat digerakkan dan nyeri jika ditekan pada area perianal. Lesi tersebut tidak mudah berdarah. Pasien sudah mendapatkan penotolan TCA (50%) sebanyak tujuh kali namun belum tampak perbaikan, sehingga selanjutnya dilakukan eksisi lesi oleh dokter bedah. Setelah dilakukan pembedahan tampak ada perbaikan lesi. Diskusi: giant kondiloma akuminata merupakan massa eksofitik yang berukuran besar, dapat disertai dengan keluhan gatal, nyeri, perdarahan dan fistel pada lesi. pemeriksaan histopatologi kondiloma akuminata dan giant kondiloma akuminata sangat sulit dibedakan. Mikroskopis giant kondiloma akuminata menunjukkan epitel skuamous berlapis yang mengalami hiperkeratosis, parakeratosis, akantosis dan papilomatosis dengan sedikit sel-sel atypia. Pada epitel juga ditemukan koilositosis. Pada jaringan fibrokolagen didapatkan infiltrat inflamasi kronik. bedah eksisi merupakan terapi lini pertama untuk giant kondiloma akuminata, dengan tingkat kesuksesan mencapai (63-91%) diikuti tingkat relaps yang rendah. Kesimpulan : giant kondiloma akuminata (Buschke-Löwenstein) merupakan penyakit yang sering mengenai kelompok imunosupresif. Giant kondiloma akuminata dapat merupakan prekursor karsinoma sel skuamosa sehingga harus didiagnosis secara tepat dan segera diterapi. Terapi eksisi merupakan terapi lini pertama untuk giant kondiloma akuminata.
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