Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas El. paštas: 1 Arturas.Zukas@vgtu.lt; 2, 3 tiauto@vgtu.lt Santrauka. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama automobilio vairuotojo, patekusio į avarinę situaciją, galimybė išvengti eismo įvykio pasirenkant vieną iš būdų: staigų stabdymą, manevrą -staigų posūkį, posūkį grįžtant į pradinę padėtį arba judėjimo juostos pakeitimą, priklausomai nuo kelio dangos tipo (sausas asfaltas, šlapias asfaltas ir apsnigtas asfaltas). Pateikiamos formulės, skirtos apskaičiuoti keliui, kurį automobilis nuvažiuoja iki visiško sustojimo. Be to, lentelėse pateikiamos teoriškai apskaičiuotos reikšmės, esant skirtingiems automobilio greičiams. Paveiksluose visi anksčiau minėti keturi būdai yra lyginami, ir aiškiai matoma kelio ilgio priklausomybė nuo automobilio pradinio judėjimo greičio. Straipsnio pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados, kuriose rekomenduojami eismo įvykių išvengimo būdai, priklausomai nuo kelio dangos tipo ir automobilio greičio.Reikšminiai žodžiai: avarinė situacija, stabdymo kelias, manevras, trinties koeficientas, eismo įvykis.
The paper deals with the influence of active car safety systems on driver's behavior in emergency situations, i.e. emergency braking, steering angle, etc. Several models of real vehicles have been tested in order to analyse the ABS and ESP systems operation efficiency. The results of emergency braking and stability in real vehicle testing with ABS and ESP stability control systems switched on and off are presented in detail. In order to get the maximum impact of ABS and ESP systems (full activated) the real vehicles were tested on the asphalt paved road covered with wet snow. Tests were also carried out on the road sections with different pavement and state. The XL Meter Pro Beta measurement device was used for the real vehicle testing. The brakes and active safety systems of the vehicles have been tested for their effectiveness at different conditions: when the vehicle is braking on horizontal wet asphalt, and on an icy gravel surface, at a different initial running speed: 40km/h, 70 km/h and 100 km/h. During the real vehicle testing the stability during emergency braking resulted in the assessment of influence of active safety systems on handling the vehicle and its stability, and the driver's behaviour in emergency situations i.e. on a slippery road, or at sharp steering angle. The results of real vehicle testing have been presented in the paper in the form of charts. Examination of a vehicle emergency braking and stability systems results in the conclusions concerned with handling of the vehicle ad application of the above systems.
Santrauka. Straipsnyje analizuojama automohilio su nepriklausoma pakaha skersiné dinamika. Tyrimai atlikti vaziuojant didéjanciu greiöiu 10, 15 ir 20 m spindulio apskritimine trajektorija. Literatüros apzvalgoje pateikiama su straipsnio tematika susijusiii naujausiii tyrimii apzvalga. Analizuojama sausos hei snieguotos kelio dangos s^veika su ratais ir itaka automohilio äoniniam svirimui. {vertinama skirtingu automohilio pusiii pakahos eigos ir jii kitimas veikiant skersiniam pagreiciui. Atliktii tyrimii duomenys vaizduojami grafiskai, rezultatai apibendrinami ir pateikiamos isvados.ReikSminiai zodziai: pakahos eiga, skersinis pagreitis, skersinis stovumas, äoninis svirimas, kelio danga. § Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas
The current paper presents the structure of the drivers training and examination system existing in Lithuania and describes the interrelations between the institutions involved in the said process. In course of analysis of models of drivers training and examination systems of various countries, their advantages and imperfections are highlighted. The experience of Germany, Holland, Sweden and Great Britain in the sphere of training and examination of motor vehicles drivers is described. In the end of the paper, conclusions and recommendations for improving the quality of drivers training and examination system as well as traffic safety in Lithuania are provided.
Automobilio judėjimo posūkyje tyrimAs žiemos sąlygomis kristina kemzūraitė 1 , Šarūnas mikaliūnas 2 , edgar sokolovskij 3 , giedrius garbinčius 4 Vilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetas El. paštas: 1 kristina.kemzuraite@vgtu.lt; 2 sarunas.mikaliunas@vgtu.lt; 3 edgar.sokolovskij@vgtu.lt; 4 giedrius.garbincius@vgtu.lt santrauka. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas automobilio judėjimas posūkyje esant slidžiai ir snieguotai su asfaltuotomis provėžomis kelio dangai. Apžvelgiama literatūra, susijusi su automobilių skersiniais ir išilginiais pagreičiais, automobilių judėjimo dinamika. Eksperimentinėje dalyje pateikiami automobilių skersinių pagreičių grafikai. Nagrinėjamas pagreičių dydis ir automobilio stabilumas priklausomai nuo judėjimo greičio tame kelio posūkyje. Remiantis gautais rezultatais pateikiamos išvados. reikšminiai žodžiai: automobilis, automobilio dinamika, kelio danga, skersinis pagreitis. reseArch iNto Automobile movemeNt oN A curve uNder wiNter coNditioNs k. kemzūraitė, Š. mikaliūnas, e. sokolovskij, g. garbinčius
AbstractThe article analyzes the movement of the car on the curve on the slippery and snowy road surface with asphalted ruts. The paper reviews literature related to lateral and longitudinal vehicle acceleration and dynamics of vehicle movement. The experimental facts of vehicle lateral acceleration are given in graphical charts. The article also describes the acceleration values and stability of the automobile depending on the speed in the curve. The findings are given based on the results.
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