Attentional deficits are frequently seen in isolation as the presenting sign and symptom of neurodegenerative disease, manifest as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Persistent ADHD in the geriatric population could well be misconstrued as MCI, leading to the incorrect assumption that such persons are succumbing to a neurodegenerative disease process. Alternatively, the molecular, neuroanatomic, or neurochemical abnormalities seen in ADHD may contribute to the development of de novo late life neurodegenerative disease. The present review examines the issue of causality vs confound regarding the association of ADHD with MCI, suggesting that both are tenable hypotheses.

This study examines academic self-efficacy and gender as predictors of internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence.In addition, the role of gender was considered as a moderator in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and internalizing/externalizing difficulties. Participants were 4,318 predominantly African American, low-income high school students who completed self-report measures on the constructs of interest. Academic selfefficacy and gender were both significant predictors of risk for internalizing problems, whereas only academic self-efficacy predicted risk for externalizing (hyperactivity/distractibility) problems. Gender did not predict externalizing difficulties, nor did gender serve as a moderator in any analysis. Implications include focusing on academic self-efficacy in the development of strategies for prevention and intervention of internalizing and externalizing problems. K E Y W O R D Sacademic self-efficacy, internalizing, externalizing, gender 1 Psychol Schs. 2017;54:905-917.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pits

anticoagulation. Follow-up CT abdomen/pelvis three weeks after admission displays significantly improved enhancement pattern throughout the liver with minimal residual heterogeneous enhancement. The patient reports improvement in her abdominal pain during follow-up appointments, and her liver enzymes are trending back to normal levels. She follows up outpatient with hematology/oncology, however her hypercoagulable lab work-up continues to be unremarkable. Discussion: This case demonstrates that portal vein thrombosis may occur following COVID vaccination. The timeline of her developing portal vein thrombosis soon after receiving the COVID vaccination may be suggestive of the vaccine precipitating her condition. This patient did have an additional risk factor of tobacco use. This can be a challenging situation for many clinicians to navigate, as COVID remains a significant threat to patients' health. Patients with hypercoagulable risk factors may benefit from close monitoring for abdominal pain or other symptoms surrounding COVID vaccination.