Utilization of reject plastic pellet of paper mill which is waste paper as the raw material has been carried out. Making of reject plastic pellet was consisted of wet shredded process of reject using shredded machine, separation process of plastic and fiber with filtration process, and drying process of wet shredded plastic using centrifugal drainer machine and sun-drying. Dried shredded reject plastic was then formed plastic pellet using pellet machine. Plastic pellets produced has diameter of around 10 mm and a length of about 10-15 mm. Plastic pellets were analyzed for proximate analysis (moisture, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon contents). In addition, it was also tested for calorific value, sulfur content, ash mineral content and the ash fusion temperature (AFT). The results indicate that the reject plastic pellets have a high calorific value (7,207-8,730 cal/g), low sulfur content (0.14 to 0.17%), low ash mineral content, and the Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT) above the operating temperature of the boiler (900oC). Reject plastic pellets in the amount of 4.25% of production capacity could potentially be used as a coal substitution for fuel boiler of paper mill with a low propensity of slagging and fouling in the boiler.Keywords: coal, paper mill, pellets, plastic, reject, fuel ABSTRAKPenelitian pemanfaatan pelet plastik rejek industri kertas berbahan baku kertas bekas telah dilakukan. Pembuatan pelet plastik dari rejek meliputi tahapan proses pencacahan rejek secara basah menggunakan mesin pencacah, proses pemisahan cacahan plastik dan serat dengan proses penyaringan, dan proses pengeringan cacahan plastik rejek basah menggunakan mesin peniris sentrifugal dan panas sinar matahari. Cacahan plastik rejek kering selanjutnya dibentuk pelet plastik menggunakan mesin pelet. Pelet plastik yang dihasilkan berdiameter 10 mm dengan panjang sekitar 10 – 15 mm. Pelet plastik dari rejek dianalisis proksimat (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat terbang dan kadar karbon padat). Selain itu, pelet dianalisis juga nilai kalor, kadar sulfur, kadar mineral abu dan Ash Fusion Temperature (AFT). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pelet plastik dari rejek memiliki nilai kalor tinggi (7.207 – 8.730 kal/g), kadar sulfur rendah (0,14 – 0,17%), kadar mineral abu rendah, dan Ash Fusion Temperature(AFT) di atas suhu operasi boiler (900oC). Pelet plastik rejek sebanyak 4,25% kapasitas produksi berpotensi dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi batubara bahan bakar boiler industri kertas dengan kecenderungan terjadinya slagging dan fouling dalam boiler rendah.Kata kunci : batubara, industri kertas, pelet, plastik, rejek, bahan bakar
Pulp and paper industry produces large amount of wastewater that has high pollution potentials. Nowadays, development of renewable energy resources is being researched. Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell (ML-MFC) can be an alternative for wastewater treatment and bioenergy producers of renewable electricity. This study was subjected to evaluate the performance of ML-MFC in pulp and paper wastewater treatment and to analyze the potentials production of electricity energy. ML-MFC reactors in laboratory scale used in this experiment were made of acrylic, provided with electrodes functioning as anode and cathode which have surface area of 1.4778 x 10-2 m2 and 4.926 x 10-3 m2, respectively. In this experiment, wastewater from pulp and paper mill was continuously fed into the reactor with retention time of 48 hours and organic load about 0.23 – 0.51 kg COD/m3.day. The results showed that there was potential of electricity production from pulp and paper mill’s wastewater treatment by ML-MFC. The maximum COD reduction and maximum power supply voltage that could be achieved were 38.50% and 118.8 mV, respectively. The maximum electric power obtained on the anode surface area of 1.4778 x 10-2 m2 was 8.46 mW/m2 when the electric current value was 101.50 mA/m2 and the resistance was 500 Ω.Keywords: wastewater, organic, bioconversion, electricity, membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) ABSTRAKIndustri pulp dan kertas menghasilkan air limbah dalam jumlah besar yang memiliki potensi pencemaran tinggi. Saat ini, upaya pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan terus dilakukan. Membraneless Microbial Fuel Cell (ML-MFC) adalah salah satu alternatif pengolahan air limbah dan penghasil bioenergi listrik yang dapat terbarukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja ML-MFC dalam pengolahan air limbah pulp dan kertas proses biologi dan menganalisa potensi produksi energi listrik. Reaktor ML-MFC skala laboratorium yang digunakan dalam percobaan terbuat dari akrilik dengan rangkaian elektroda yang berfungsi sebagai anoda dengan luas permukaan 1,4778 x 10-2 m2 dan katoda dengan luas permukaan 4,926 x 10-3 m2. Pada percobaan ini, air limbah industri pulp dan kertas dialirkan melalui reaktor secara kontinu dengan waktu tinggal 48 jam dan beban organik 0,23 – 0,51 kg COD/m3.hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat potensi produksi energi listrik dari proses pengolahan air limbah industri pulp dan kertas oleh ML-MFC. Reduksi maksimum nilai COD dan tegangan listrik maksimum yang dapat dicapai adalah 38,50% dan 118,8 mV. Daya listrik maksimum yang diperoleh pada luas permukaan anoda sebesar 1,4778 x 10-2 m2 adalah 8,46 mW/m2 pada saat nilai arus listrik 101,50 mA/m2 dan beban resistansi 500 Ω.Kata kunci: air limbah, organik, biokonversi, energi listrik, membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC)
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