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Aim:The aim and purpose of this study was to determine the occlusal fracture resistance of three core buildup materials using the Nayyar technique.Materials and Methods:Thirty human extracted maxillary premolars were used for the study. The test samples were decoronated till the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and proper cleaning and shaping was done with protaper niti files till the F3. Corresponding f3 protaper(Dentysply)gutta pecha cones were selected and obturated. The gutta-percha was removed till the depth of 4 mm from the coronal orifice with Gates Glidden (GG) drills for all the samples; then the samples were randomly divided into three different groups. Group I was restored with universal composite Z350XT, group II was restored with light curable glass ionomer cement (GIC), and group III was restored with miracle mix. The coronal buildup was done using compound supported matrix. The fracture resistance strength of all the specimen groups was tested under a universal testing machine.Results:The data of the study were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's comparison test. Results of the study showed that group I that was restored with the universal composite Z350XT showed much higher fracture resistance strength compared to the other two groups. Statistically significant difference was noted between group I and group II and also between group I and group III.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the core buildup done with composite offered better occlusal fracture resistance strength compared to light curable GIC and miracle mix.

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms which are found attached to a surface. They develop on both biotic and abiotic surfaces and could act as a source of infection. The development of biofilms is a complex process and it involves several steps such as initial adhesion, reversible binding of bacteria to the solid surface, production of exopolysaccharide matrix, irreversible binding to the surface, maturation of biofilm structure, disintegration and dispersion of organized structure and the formation of new habitats. The biofilm exhibits unique properties of protecting host defences and desiccation, persistence in the flowing system, heterogeneity, spatial organization and resistance to antimicrobial agents through its ability to influence gene expression and phenotype. Quorum sensing, a means of the cell to cell communication is closely interconnected to the development of biofilm formation and inhibition. The dental plaque is the most common and well known oral biofilm. The preponderance of biofilm-associated diseases and its resistance in eradication has potentiated the need for further research in this field. Hence, the purpose of the review is to enlighten the importance of dental plaque as a biofilm, its properties, pathogenicity and analysis of biofilm. Keywords: Biofilms, Dental Plaque, Microbiome, Quorum sensing.